Identify the various criticisms of labeling theory, and explain why it experienced a resurgence in ...

1)  The answer should include the following points:
 Exaggerated role of labeling
 Failure to answer several critical questions:
o Are the conceptions that we hold of one another

2)  TRUE

3)  The answer should include the following points:
 The process of making the criminal is a process of tagging, defining, identifying, segregating, describing, emphasizing, and making conscious and self-conscious.
 According to Lemert, the sequence of interaction leading to secondary deviation is roughly as
follows:
o Primary deviation
o Social penalties
o Further primary deviation
o Stronger penalties and rejection
o Further deviation, perhaps with hostilities and resentment beginning to focus upon those doing the penalizing
o Crisis reached in the tolerance quotient, expressed in formal action by the community stigmatizing of the deviant
o Strengthening of the deviant conduct as a reaction to the stigmatizing and penalties
o Ultimate acceptance of deviant social status and efforts at adjustment on the basis of the
associated role

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