The first heart sound (S1) is created primarily by which of the following?
a. Closure of the semilunar valves
b. Opening of the semilunar valves
c. Opening of the atrioventricular valves
d. Closure of the atrioventricular valves
Q. 2 Normal heart sounds are created primarily by which of the following?
a. Opening of the heart valves
b. Rush of blood during systole
c. Closing of the heart valves
d. Electrical conduction in the heart
Q. 3 Which of the following conditions would tend to shift the point of maximal impulse (PMI) far-ther to the left?
1. Pulmonary emphysema
2. Collapse of the left lower lobe
3. Collapse of the right lower lobe
4. Right-sided tension pneumothorax
a. 1, 2, and 3 only
b. 2 and 4 only
c. 2, 3, and 4 only
d. 1, 2, 3, and 4
Q. 4 Where is the normal apical impulse (point of maximal impulse PMI) usually identified?
a. Third right intercostal space, left sternal border
b. Fifth left intercostal space, midclavicular line
c. Third left intercostal space, anterior axil-lary line
d. Fifth right intercostal space, midclavicular line
Q. 5 In which of the following conditions would late-inspiratory crackles be most likely to occur? 1. Emphysema 2. Pulmonary fibrosis 3. Pneumonia 4. Pulmonary edema
a. 2, 3, and 4 only
b. 1, 3, and 4 only
c. 3 and 4 only
d. 1 and 2 only
Q. 6 What is the area of the anterior chest wall overlying the heart called?
a. Epigastrium
b. Precordium
c. Pericardium
d. Axillary
Q. 7 An increase in intensity and clarity of vocal resonance because of enhanced transmission of sound is referred to as which of the following?
a. Bronchophony
b. Vesicularity
c. Pectoriloquy
d. Egophony
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