What can the release of histamine and other chemical mediators from the mast cells in the air-ways cause? 1. Bronchoconstriction 2. Bronchodilation 3. Vasoconstriction 4. Vasodilation
a. 2 and 4 only
b. 1 and 3 only
c. 2 and 3 only
d. 1 and 4 only
Q. 2 What is the most common cell type found in the mucosa of the larger airways?
a. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithe-lium
b. Pseudostratified ciliated cuboidal epithe-lium
c. Stratified ciliated squamous epithelium
d. Stratified unciliated serous endothelium
Q. 3 What type of flow is seen in and beyond the terminal bronchioles?
a. Laminar
b. Transitional
c. Turbulent
d. Varies among individuals
Q. 4 Approximately how long is the trachea of an adult?
a. 5 to 8 cm
b. 10 to 12 cm
c. 16 to 18 cm
d. 20 to 24 cm
Q. 5 At what point does the trachea branch into two main stem bronchi?
a. Carina
b. Cricoid cartilage
c. Glottis
d. Manubrium
Q. 6 Why do most aspirated objects and fluids end up in the right main stem bronchus instead of the left main stem bronchus?
a. The left bronchus is more in-line with the trachea.
b. The left bronchus is shorter than the right.
c. The right bronchus is larger than the left.
d. The right bronchus is more in-line with the trachea.
Q. 7 What portion of the left lung corresponds anatomically to the middle lobe of the right lung?
a. Cardiac notch
b. Lingula
c. Medial segment
d. Superior segment
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