Solid, replicable research findings suggest that all of the following are at least moderately heritable EXCEPT
a. cognitive abilities.
b. social attitudes.
c. psychological interests.
d. essentially all personality variables have some degree of heritability.
Question 2While it is unethical to devise an experiment in which you manipulate the lives of human twins, it is ethical to design an experiment involving mice twins. There are measures of mice personality characteristics. You can even purchase large numbers of mice that are genetically identical at conception in the form of cloned mice. You have been asked to design a study that looks at the contribution of genetics to anxiety in mice. Which design would best serve your goal?
a. Random mice, raised in identical conditions
b. Two groups of cloned mice raised in identical conditions
c. Two groups of cloned mice each raised under different conditions
d. Four groups of mice two random, two cloned each raised under different conditions.
Question 3Which of the following would be the most accurate conclusion of the Finn Twin Study?
a. For most significant behaviors, environment is the dominant factor.
b. For most significant behaviors, genetics is the dominant factor.
c. The relative importance of genetics and environment varies depending on the question.
d. Modern genetic analysis makes it almost impossible to differentiate between genetic and environmental influence.
Question 4One measure of _____________ is to calculate the correlation (r) between twins on a given trait and compare the correlation between MZ twins and DZ twins.
a. environmentality
b. genetic strength
c. genetic similarity
d. heritability
Question 5The r
MZA method of estimating heritability also has its limitations. Here researchers assume that the adopted families of each twin are different form one another, but twins may be more alike on a certain characteristic due to
a. the impact each twin has on his or her environment.
b. communication between the two families.
c. selective placement.
d. representative placement.
Question 6Conclusions are often drawn about the relative importance of genetics based on the study of twins even for individuals who do not have a twin. Many twins, however are not representative of the average non-twin; many twins are born with low birth rate for example. This problem results from the
a. assumption of representativeness.
b. assumption of identicalness
c. lack of care by researchers.
d. eugenics assumption.
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