A patient presents to the emergency department with complaints of vomiting and abdominal pain. You note that the emesis contains bile.
On physical examination, there is diffuse tenderness, abdominal distension, and rushing, high-pitched bowel sounds. Which of the following diagnoses would be most likely?
A. Gastric outlet obstruction
B. Small bowel obstruction
C. Distal intestinal blockage
D. Colonic obstruction
Question 2A 76-year-old patient presents to the emergency department with severe left lower quadrant abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fever.
On physical examination, you note the patient has a positive heel strike, and left lower abdominal rebound tenderness. These are typical signs and symptoms of which of the following conditions?
A. Diverticulitis
B. Salpingitis
C. Inflammatory bowel disease
D. Irritable bowel syndrome
Question 3A nurse practitioner reports that your patient's abdominal x-ray demonstrates multiple air-fluid levels in the bowel. This is a diagnostic finding found in:
A. Appendicitis
B. Cholecystitis
C. Bowel obstruction
D. Diverticulitis
Question 4Your 54-year-old male patient complains of a painless lump in his lower left abdomen that comes and goes for the past couple of weeks. When examining the abdomen, you should have the patient:
A. Lie flat and take a deep breath
B. Stand and bear down against your hand
C. Prepare for a digital rectal examination
D. Lie in a left lateral recumbent position
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