The nurse is explaining the difference between the cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and a myocardial infarction to a client and family. What should the nurse teach about these health problems?
1. ACS pain radiates to the jaw.
2. Myocardial infarction is characterized as gas-like pain.
3. The pain from ACS often occurs at rest or upon arising.
4. Pain from a myocardial infarction begins abruptly and is related to exercise.
Question 2A client with heart failure is diagnosed with a low ejection fraction. What aspects of the client's heart function should the nurse realize contributed to this poor finding? (Select all that apply.)
1. Preload
2. Afterload
3. Contractility
4. Ventricular response
5. Sinoatrial node firing
Question 3A client with coronary artery disease asks the nurse why breathing gets difficult only when going upstairs. The nurse should respond that:
1. Climbing the stairs requires increased oxygen demands on the heart.
2. Climbing the stairs is stressful as we age.
3. Increased glucose levels in the blood impede breathing.
4. A deposit of HDL cholesterol in the arteries causes the problem.
Question 4The nurse is completing a physical examination of a client's peripheral circulation. Which objective findings should be reported immediately? (Select all that apply.)
1. Carotid pulses equally present
2. Abdominal pulsation observed
3. Apical heart rate 86 and regular
4. Left calf edematous with an absent foot pulse
5. Client stated occasional fluttering in the chest
Question 5Before an electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) study is done, the nurse needs to determine whether the client:
1. Is taking any antihypertensive medications.
2. Has an allergy to iodine or shellfish.
3. Is pregnant.
4. Has any metal implants.
Question 6A client tells the nurse that his recent blood work indicated his high-density lipids (HDLs) were 40 mg/dL and asks whether this is a good level. What should the nurse respond?
1. HDLs should be lower than your cholesterol level.
2. That is a good level. You must be eating healthy.
3. You should ask your primary care provider to explain the results.
4. It is desirable to have a level above 60 mg/dL.
Question 7A client is being sent home with a 24-hour Holter monitor device. The nurse should instruct the client to:
1. Change the chest electrodes every 4 hours.
2. Remove the Holter monitor when sleeping.
3. Record any unusual symptoms she might experience.
4. Avoid drinking any alcoholic beverages.
Question 8A client is recovering from a nuclear scan of the heart. Upon discharge, the client should be instructed to:
1. Increase fluid intake to 2000 mL in 24 hours.
2. Dispose of urine in specially provided containers.
3. Avoid close physical contact with others for 24 hours.
4. Return in 24 hours for follow up x-rays.
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