A nurse reviews laboratory results for a client with diabetes mellitus who presents with polyuria, lethargy, and a blood glucose of 560 mg/dL. Which laboratory result should the nurse correlate with the client's polyuria?
a. Serum sodium: 163 mEq/L
b. Serum creatinine: 1.6 mg/dL
c. Presence of urine ketone bodies
d. Serum osmolarity: 375 mOsm/kg
Question 2A nurse is teaching a client with diabetes mellitus who asks, Why is it necessary to maintain my blood glucose levels no lower than about 60 mg/dL? How should the nurse respond?
a. Glucose is the only fuel used by the body to produce the energy that it needs.
b. Your brain needs a constant supply of glucose because it cannot store it.
c. Without a minimum level of glucose, your body does not make red blood cells.
d. Glucose in the blood prevents the formation of lactic acid and prevents acidosis.
Question 3A nurse teaches a client who is prescribed an unsealed radioactive isotope. Which statements should the nurse include in this client's education? (Select all that apply.)
a. Do not share utensils, plates, and cups with anyone else.
b. You can play with your grandchildren for 1 hour each day.
c. Eat foods high in vitamins such as apples, pears, and oranges.
d. Wash your clothing separate from others in the household.
e. Take a laxative 2 days after therapy to excrete the radiation.
Question 4A nurse cares for a client with elevated triiodothyronine and thyroxine, and normal thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. Which actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
a. Administer levothyroxine (Synthroid).
b. Administer propranolol (Inderal).
c. Monitor the apical pulse.
d. Assess for Trousseau's sign.
e. Initiate telemetry monitoring.
Question 5A nurse teaches a client with hyperthyroidism. Which dietary modifications should the nurse include in this client's teaching? (Select all that apply.)
a. Increased carbohydrates
b. Decreased fats
c. Increased calorie intake
d. Supplemental vitamins
e. Increased proteins
Question 6A nurse assesses a client with hypothyroidism who is admitted with acute appendicitis. The nurse notes that the client's level of consciousness has decreased. Which actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
a. Infuse intravenous fluids.
b. Cover the client with warm blankets.
c. Monitor blood pressure every 4 hours.
d. Maintain a patent airway.
e. Administer oral glucose as prescribed.
Question 7After teaching a client who is recovering from a complete thyroidectomy, the nurse assesses the client's understanding. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for additional instruction?
a. I may need calcium replacement after surgery.
b. After surgery, I won't need to take thyroid medication.
c. I'll need to take thyroid hormones for the rest of my life.
d. I can receive pain medication if I feel that I need it.
Question 8A nurse plans care for a client who has hypothyroidism and is admitted for pneumonia. Which priority intervention should the nurse include in this client's plan of care?
a. Monitor the client's intravenous site every shift.
b. Administer acetaminophen (Tylenol) for fever.
c. Ensure that working suction equipment is in the room.
d. Assess the client's vital signs every 4 hours.
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