Mrs. Dwyer is a 48-year-old patient who is undergoing radiation therapy for uterine cancer. She complains of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, and has experienced significant weight loss. The nurse recognizes that the likely cause of this is:
a. tissue rejection.
b. radiation enteritis.
c. steatorrhea.
d. mental stress.
Q. 2The nurse understands that methotrexate is a chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of cancer and that it can cause a patient to become deficient in:
a. essential fatty acids.
b. folate.
c. vitamin B12.
d. calcium.
Q. 3Cancer patients exhibit an increased rate of protein turnover. The nurse understands that this means patients:
a. may have a difficult time maintaining a healthy body weight.
b. require less protein in their diets.
c. should increase their intake of fats.
d. may experience early satiety.
Q. 4The nurse is working with a client admitted to the hospital with complaints of loss of appetite and weight loss. An assessment of the client also reveals depletion of lean body mass and serum protein. The nurse accurately recognizes these as characteristics of:
a. tissue rejection.
b. human immunodeficiency virus.
c. thrush.
d. cancer cachexia.
Q. 5The nurse is teaching a class on cancer prevention. Someone in the audience asks if one's diet affects his or her risk of developing cancer. The nurse makes the following statements. Which one is incorrect?
a. Citrus fruits may decrease the risk of esophageal cancer.
b. Fruits and nonstarchy vegetables may reduce the risk of several types of cancer.
c. Foods rich in folate seem to prevent pancreatic cancer.
d. Dairy foods have been implicated in many types of cancer.
Q. 6Mrs. Watson is a 55-year-old female with a family history of breast cancer. To reduce Mrs. Watson's risk of breast cancer, the nurse advises her to:
a. avoid alcohol and maintain a healthy weight.
b. take a calcium supplement daily.
c. eat less red meat.
d. drink a glass of red wine with dinner.
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