____________ make up over 90 of the dietary fats that we consume and store in our fat cells.

Answer to #1

C

Answer to #2

When it comes to colon cancer, the best nutrition and physical activity-related advice to reduce the risk of colon cancer is to:
 Increase the intensity and duration of physical activity.
 Limit intake of red and processed meat.
 Consume recommended levels of calcium and vitamin D.
 Eat more vegetables and fruits.
 Avoid obesity (especially weight gain around the abdomen).
Avoid excess alcohol consumption.

Answer to #3

B

Answer to #4

Many of the vitamin deficiency diseases that have been virtually eliminated today were first recognized in Greek and Roman times, and ultimately led to the discovery of vitamins centuries later. One of the most prevalent was scurvy, a disease caused by lack of vitamin C and characterized by bleeding gums, tooth loss, and even death. The scourge of armies, sailors, and other travelers forced to do without vitamin C-rich foods for weeks on end, scurvy was recognized by Hippocrates, a Greek physician heralded today as the father of medicine.

A cure for scurvy was not recorded until the 16th century, however, when a beverage made of spruce needles or oranges and lemons was recommended. In 1753, a British physician named James Lind published a famous report recommending consumption of herbs, lettuce, endive, watercress, and summer fruits to prevent scurvy. By the early 1800s, sailors in the British navy had been dubbed limeys because they were required to drink lemon or lime juice daily. Although they still didn't know that vitamin C was the actual antidote, they did recognize that certain foods prevented and cured the illness.

Answer to #5

A

Answer to #6

Because vitamin K is obtained both in the diet and via the intestinal bacteria, deficiencies are rare and occur only under unusual circumstances. Taking antibiotics for an extended period of time, for instance, could kill some of the intestinal bacteria and thereby prompt a deficiency.

Newborn babies are the one group that is commonly susceptible to vitamin K deficiency, because a baby's digestive tract contains no bacteria before birth. After birth, the infant's intestinal tract gradually becomes populated with bacteria, but this happens over time. What's more, baby formula or breast milk generally doesn't contain adequate amounts of vitamin K. Thus, newborns are given a dose of vitamin K to prevent the possibility of a life-threatening hemorrhage in the case of injury.

Vitamin K toxicity is rare, but it can occur when supplemental doses are taken. In particular, adults who must pay attention to the amount of vitamin K in their diet are those who take anticoagulant drugs designed to prevent the blood from clotting and possibly causing a stroke or heart attack. People taking such medications are advised to keep their consumption of vitamin K fairly constant from day to day, because large fluctuations can limit the effectiveness of the anticlotting drugs.

Answer to #7

B

Answer to #8

The antioxidant nutrients are vitamin C, vitamin E, and the carotenoid called beta-carotene.

Functions of antioxidant vitamins
 Enhance the immune system
 Limit free-radical formation
 Destroy free radicals and prevent oxidative damage to cells
 Reduce inflammation in blood vessel walls
- Vitamin C defends body cells and tissues such as skin, lungs, and blood.
- Vitamin E and beta-carotene defend the body's lipids such as cell membranes and lipoproteins.

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