Which vitamin is synthesized by intestinal bacteria?
A) A
B) E
C) K
D) D
Q. 2Martha has been advised to limit trans fats in her diet. Which snack food would this most likely include?
A) chocolate
B) skim milk
C) French fries
D) pretzels
Q. 3What is a characteristic of vitamin K nutrition?
A) Deficiency may lead to hemophilia.
B) Toxicity may increase risk for hemophilia.
C) Absorption is inhibited when bile production diminishes.
D) Supplements are highly effective against osteoporosis.
Q. 4About ____ of plant sterols daily can lower cholesterol by up to 10 percent.
A) 500 milligrams
B) 2 grams
C) 5 grams
D) 8 grams
Q. 5What would most readily induce a vitamin K deficiency?
A) achlorhydria
B) antibiotic therapy
C) presence of oxalic acid in food
D) insufficient intake of green leafy vegetables
Q. 6Medications used to reduce LDL levels include ____.
A) aspirin
B) antihypertensives
C) statins
D) diuretics
Q. 7What is a feature of osteocalcin?
A) It activates lysosomes involved in remodeling bone.
B) It binds calcium in the GI tract to enhance absorption.
C) It requires vitamin K to bind to bone-forming minerals.
D) It works synergistically with the kidneys to reduce urinary calcium excretion.
Q. 8What condition that is associated with atherosclerosis and diabetes is most likely to lead to HDL dysfunction and increased CHD risk?
A) elevated glucose levels
B) decreased liver enzymes
C) chronic inflammation
D) platelet aggregation and thrombosis
Q. 9What is a feature of vitamin K?
A) A deficiency increases the risk for hemophilia.
B) A deficiency leads to keratinization of the cornea.
C) Bacteria in the intestines synthesize bioavailable vitamin K.
D) There are multiple forms in the diet, of which menadione is the naturally occurring form.
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