Keisha is a 35-year-old African-American woman who is depressed. Her presenting concerns include marital distress, the imminent possibility of losing her job, overeating, and chain-smoking.
As you listen to her story, you begin to construct a picture of her developmental history. Which of these explanations would someone using a multidimensional perspective be most likely to offer for Keisha's problems difficulties?
a. Keisha's difficulties most likely developed through the interaction of her family experiences and societal conditions like poverty and racism.
b. Keisha's problems are most likely related to insufficient emotional gratification during infancy when oral needs are paramount.
c. Keisha's problems are most likely related to lack of appropriate models of effective marital communication.
d. Keisha's has experienced reward from her eating and smoking habits, and so she seeks these rewards in stressful situations.
Q. 2Insensitive or poorly timed feeling reflections might have the paradoxical effect of forcing the client to push feelings even further away from his or her awareness.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Q. 3Seven-month-old Juan and his mother live in a small rented apartment in a large city. Affordable, high quality child care centers are very hard to find in her neighborhood.
Which level of the environment, according to Bronfenbrenner's model, is limiting her access to high quality day care in her community?
a. Macrosystem
b. Exosystem
c. Microsystem
d. Mesosystem
Q. 4Which of the following pitfalls, more than the others, leads to the client feeling as if an interrogation is occurring?
a) Using I understand
b) Using Basically
c) Using How does that make you feel?
d) Using So
Q. 5Some authors have begun to advocate that counselors strive to develop models that successfully integrate the strengths of ESTs and common factors, hypothesizing that the seemingly contradictory evidence is so because neither position alone
adequately accounts for all of the observed phenomena.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Q. 6Read the following example.
Clinician: You can be fearful and you can move forward to change your actions.
This is an example of which of the following techniques?
a. Visualization
b. Breaking down behaviors into small steps
c. Skill development
d. Possibility language
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