A male patient's present signs and symptoms are suggestive of an incompetent cardiac sphincter, and he has been scheduled for an upper GI series (barium swallow). What preprocedure teaching should the nurse provide to this patient?
A) Make sure to tell your doctor about any allergies to shellfish.
B) It's important that you take your laxatives as ordered on the day prior to your barium swallow.
C) Make sure that you don't eat anything after midnight the day before your test.
D) You'll need to restrict your fluid intake for 24 hours after the test.
Question 2A camp nurse has been rushed to a playing field where a girl appears to be experiencing an anaphylactic reaction. The nurse has had the child rushed to the camp's infirmary.
What action should the nurse prioritize in the immediate care of this child?
A) Administer analgesics if available.
B) Closely monitor the girl's heart rate.
C) Position the girl in high Fowler's.
D) Maintain the patency of the girl's airway.
Question 3A patient with a history of chronic constipation has been scheduled for a lower gastrointestinal tract study (barium enema).
The patient has presented to the outpatient clinic at the scheduled time and has expressed anxiety about the potential pain and unpleasantness of the barium enema to the nurse. How should the nurse who will assist with the procedure respond to this patient's concerns?
A) A barium enema can be uncomfortable but we'll do it very carefully to minimize this.
B) A barium enema can be painful, but it does not last long, and we'll give you painkillers ahead of time.
C) Actually, most patients report that they hardly even feel the procedure.
D) The sedatives that we'll give you will make sure that you don't remember the procedure.
Question 4A 10-year-old boy has been brought to the emergency department (ED) by ambulance in apparent anaphylaxis after accidentally eating a snack bar that contained peanuts.
The ED nurse should be aware that this patient's signs and symptoms are attributable to:
A) Dissolution of the basement membranes of epithelium
B) Rapid activation of the clotting cascade
C) A massive release of histamine
D) Activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS)
Question 5A middle-aged woman suffers from debilitating seasonal allergies and has sought care because over-the-counter remedies do not adequately relieve her symptoms.
The clinician's understanding of the patient's problem should include the fact that hypersensitivity is a result of what pathophysiological process?
A) An exaggerated, inappropriate response to an antigen
B) Deranged function of killer T cells and helper T cells
C) Lack of self and non-self differentiation by the immune system
D) A lack of antibodies against common pathogens
Question 6A 50-year-old male patient with a history of cholelithiasis (gallstones) has presented to the emergency department (ED) with severe upper right quadrant pain.
The ED nurse should anticipate the need to facilitate which of the following diagnostic tests?
A) Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen
B) Barium swallow
C) Abdominal ultrasonography
D) Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
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