Wanda is obsessed with thinking about washing her hands and cannot stop these intrusive thoughts. ...

Wanda is obsessed with thinking about washing her hands and cannot stop these intrusive thoughts. This demonstrates which cognitive characteristic of OCD?
 
  a. control
 b. probability bias
 c. exaggerated estimates
 d. lack of confidence bias

Question 2

Before Hannah can leave the house, she must turn all four gas burners on her stove on and off 24 times, each in sequence. She performs this ritual because she does not trust her memory and fears she can't be sure the burners are actually off without doing this. Hannah is demonstrating which cognitive characteristic of OCD?
 
  a. probability bias
 b. disconfirmatory bias
  c. morality bias
 d. confirmatory bias

Question 3

When explaining the cause of obsessive-compulsive disorder, a psychologist who supports a cognitive-behavioral approach would be likely to make which statement?
 
  a. Excessive use of defense mechanisms helps the person redirect his or her unacceptable impulses into more acceptable behaviors..
  b. Thoughts and actions that reduce anxiety are done repetitively..
 c. Some individuals' personalities need high levels of autonomic nervous system arousal, and repetitive thoughts and behaviors satisfy that need..
  d. Certain thoughts and actions are the result of abnormal activity in particular brain centers..

Question 4

What is a symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder?
 
  a. difficulty controlling intrusive and irrational thoughts
 b. thoughts or behaviors are identified by the individual as reasonable and justifiable
  c. preoccupation with imagined defects in appearance
 d. recurrent picking resulting in lesions

Question 5

Cheryl spends four hours every day in the shower, scrubbing her skin raw with a loofa brush for fear that she is contaminated with urine or feces. She sees a cognitive-behavioral therapist for treatment. The cognitive-behavioral therapist is most likely to write which note about Cheryl's case?
 
  a. Guarding against own unacceptable urges; uses reaction formation as a general defense..
 b. Engages in superstitious behavior; probably associating hand washing with some previous situation where it led to reinforcement..
  c. Neurotransmitters not functioning properly; needs medication..
 d. Need to correct dysfunctional beliefs in order to reduce anxiety over cleanliness..