A teacher says to you, I never believe my students have learned something new until I see their behavior change. Without knowing anything else about this teacher, which perspective of development does the teacher's statement most clearly reflect?
a. Behaviorist
b. Biological
c. Cognitive process
d. Psychodynamic
Ques. 2Imagine that you are a teacher. The students in your class believe they should be making most of their own decisions these days, and many are starting to think seriously about what kinds of careers to pursue. Your students are most likely in the developmental period of:
a. Early childhood
b. Middle childhood
c. Early adolescence
d. Late adolescence
Ques. 3Mr. Milligan rewards his first graders with scratch-and-sniff stickers when they exhibit appropriate behavior in the classroom. Mr. Milligan's classroom management strategy is most consistent with which one of the following theoretical perspectives of development?
a. Developmental systems
b. Cognitive process
c. Cognitive-developmental
d. Behaviorist
Ques. 4Imagine that you are a teacher. The students in your class are now, for the first time, able to give sustained attention to academic tasks. They have also begun to place great importance on friendships, especially those with same-sex peers. Your students are most likely in the developmental period of:
a. Early childhood
b. Middle childhood
c. Early adolescence
d. Late adolescence
Ques. 5One characteristic common to all behaviorist theories of development is an emphasis on:
a. The effect of the environment on development
b. The negative emotional repercussions of punishment
c. The importance of each and every event in a person's life
d. How one learns by observing the actions of others
Ques. 6Maria has a reading disability in English and in her native language of Spanish. Which of the following is most likely associated with her reading disability?
a. She has problems using the phonological loop of working memory.
b. She has problems storing information in long-term memory.
c. She has problems with mnemonic devices such as keyword method.
d. She has problems developing a theory of mind.
Ques. 7Which child is most likely to experience social anxiety and extreme social wariness?
a. Susan, a highly aggressive 8-year-old girl
b. Bobby, a withdrawn 8-year-old boy
c. Patsy, a friendly but shy 9-year-old
d. Rory, a boy who seems immature for a 10-year-old
Ques. 8In her book Genie: A Psycholinguistic Study of a Modern-Day Wild Child, Susan Curtiss (1977) described a girl (whom Curtiss called Genie to protect her privacy) who had been raised with little exposure to language. Convinced that his daughter was retarded and unmanageable, Genie's father kept her almost constantly confined to a small room in the house. Genie's life was one of physical abuse, neglect, and isolation from the outside world. The family rarely spoke to her, and she had no access to either television or radio. Finally, when Genie was 13, she, her mother, and an older brother left the home that Genie's father had made so unbearable. Shortly after, social services authorities became aware of Genie's situation and hospitalized her for severe malnutrition. At the time, Genie had only two words in her speaking vocabulary and understood fewer than 20 words. In more nurturing care over the next 41/2 years, Genie gradually learned many more words, but she never did acquire the grammar of a typical 4- or 5-year-old. Which one of the following concepts does this situation best illustrate?
a. Universality
b. A sensitive period
c. The role of maturation
d. The role of temperament
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