The information-processing theory likens many aspects of human thinking to the functioning of ...

The information-processing theory likens many aspects of human thinking to the functioning of
 
  animals.
  high-level business companies.
  computers.
  athletic teams.

Question 2

When Brazilian peddlers in middle childhood were tested on mathematical ability
 
  their skills were far superior to those of North American schoolchildren.
  their skills were far inferior to those of North American schoolchildren.
  they did poorly when given a pencil-and-paper test, but did well orally.
  they did well when given a pencil-and-paper test, but were shy about
  answering spoken questions.

Question 3

Piaget has provided us with the ______ context of children's concepts, whereas Vygotsky has provided us with the ______ context.
 
  cognitive; behaviorist
  empirical; experimental
  individual; social
  social; individual

Question 4

Which of the following is a crucial difference between Piaget's and Vygotsky's theories of learning?
 
  Piaget emphasized the child's own discovery processes, while Vygotsky
  stressed the importance of instruction.
  Vygotsky emphasized the child's own discovery processes, while Piaget
  stressed the importance of instruction.
  Piaget believed that school-age children were capable of rote memorization,
  and Vygotsky believed that they were not.
  Vygotsky believed that school-age children were capable of rote memorization,
  and Piaget believed that they were not.

Question 5

Which of the following accurately reflects Vygotsky's view of the education system of his day?
 
  He felt that children were incapable of memorizing facts at such a young age.
  He felt that the rote memorization of facts impeded children's ability to apply
  their acquired knowledge.
  He felt that the teachers of the time were inadequately educated.
  He felt that too much was required of school-age children and that this led to a
  sense of shame and guilt.

Question 6

Even though research has shown that young children can understand many of Piaget's concrete operations, which of the following is a correct statement regarding the differences in thinking between a 4-year-old and a 9-year-old?
 
  The 4-year-old has the ability to separate the relevant from the irrelevant.
  The 9-year-old has the ability to apply abstract thought to the classification
  process.
  The 4-year-old will be able to distinguish between relevance and flexibility.
  The 9-year-old has the ability to be both precise and flexible in
  classification.