Arthur Jensen is best known for his claim that there is a high degree of ________ in IQ.
a. environmental influence c. educational influence
b. heritability d. genetic variation
Question 2________ is a type of study that allows for the recording of behaviors as they occur within a situation constructed by the experimenter.
a. Structured observation c. Constructed observation
b. Structured interview d. Fabricated observation
Question 3Which of the following is a finding that may be confounded with the finding that African Americans consistently score approximately one standard deviation below Caucasian Americans on standardized tests of intelligence?
a. Children from lower socioeconomic classes obtain lower IQ scores than children from the middle and upper classes.
b. Children from the middle socioeconomic classes obtain lower IQ scores than children from the lower and upper classes.
c. African American adults, as well as children, tend to score one standard deviation below Caucasian Americans.
d. Caucasian American adults, as well as children, tend to score one standard deviation above African Americans.
Question 4Which of the following is a limitation of the naturalistic observation method of data collection?
a. Behavior cannot be adequately measured in a natural setting.
b. The unusual setting often leads to artificial behavior.
c. A multitude of methods are more appropriate for observing the behaviors of children.
d. A lack of experimental control makes the results difficult to interpret.
Question 5Studies of group differences in performance on IQ tests indicate that African American children typically scored ________ lower than Caucasian children, but that difference has diminished significantly in the last thirty years.
a. 30 points c. 7 points
b. 15 points d. 5 points
Question 6One advantage of naturalistic observation is that
a. this type of research never violates ethical guidelines.
b. researchers can see the events and behaviors that precede the target behaviors they are recording.
c. researchers can directly manipulate variables of interest.
d. the researcher can determine cause-and-effect relationships between variables of interest.
Question 7Dr. Richards is a psychologist. Like most psychologists, he agrees that IQ tests do a good job of predicting
a. general life satisfaction. c. career choices.
b. general intellectual ability. d. educational achievement.
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