According to the fuzzy-trace theory, a verbatim-to-gist shift occurs
a. in infancy. c. during the early elementary school years.
b. during the early preschool years. d. during the early adolescent years.
Question 2Some people document the beginning of autobiographical memory with
a. the onset of infantile amnesia.
b. the offset of infantile amnesia.
c. the onset of the inability to remember events from infancy.
d. the offset of long-lasting memories.
Question 3Personal and long-lasting memories, which are the basis for one's personal life history, are called
a. historic memories. c. reminiscent memories.
b. spectrum memories. d. autobiographical memories
Question 4According to the fuzzy trace theory, at one extreme are fuzzy traces, while at the other extreme are
a. gist traces. c. vague traces.
b. verbatim traces. d. degenerated traces.
Question 5Which of the following best represents the fuzzy-trace theory?
a. fragmentation c. intuitionism.
b. information processing d. finalism
Question 6Karmiloff-Smith's developmental theory includes all of the following concepts except
a. Explicit representations are transformed into implicit representations.
b. Infants' knowledge is all implicit knowledge.
c. With consciousness, experiences are redescribed.
d. Consciousness allows an infant to reflect on a piece of knowledge and make inferences.
Question 7All of the following are true of implicit memory except that
a. age differences in implicit memory are relatively small.
b. it is associated with the temporal lobe of the brain.
c. its memories are not in conscious awareness.
d. its associated part of the brain develops later that the part(s) associated with explicit memory.
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