The psychosocial crisis of infancy is
a. initiative versus guilt.
b. autonomy versus shame and doubt. c. industry versus inferiority.
d. trust versus mistrust.
Question 2Which of the following is considered to be of central importance to the prevention of early pregnancy for both boys and girls?
a. Building greater confidence in and commitment to the consistent use of contraception as part of any sexual relationship
b. Building greater social expectations and commitment to assuming the financial and social responsibilities of parenthood
c. Fostering a sense of self-efficacy and investment in academic goals leading to post-secondary education d. Creating feelings of guilt about engaging in sexual intercourse
Question 3A psychosocial crisis is best resolved through
a. hard work and persistence.
b. an orderly unfolding of functions.
c. age-graded expectations based on biological maturity.
d. a central process linking individuals' needs with cultural expectations.
Question 4Which term refers to caregiver-infant interactions that are rhythmic, well-timed, and mutually rewarding?
a. Synchrony b. Ethology
c. Differentiation
d. Behavioral system
Question 5Most studies of adolescent mothers find that many fathers
a. abandon the mother and child in the first month after birth.
b. remain active in the child's life throughout early childhood and adolescence.
c. are teenagers themselves.
d. remain in contact with the mother and child.
Question 6Unpredictable life stresses, such as divorce and death, may contribute to the
a. re-working of earlier life stages.
b. progression to future life stages.
c. speeding up of resolving a psychosocial crisis.
d. sequential progression of life stage development.
Question 7On her first birthday, Emily looks at her mother as they observe the clown coming to her party. At first Emily is crying. Then her mother smiles and acts very happy, so Emily smiles, too. This is an example of
a. empathy.
b. attachment. c. visual acuity.
d. social referencing.
Question 8Contraceptive use among adolescents has
a. increased in some groups but not in others. b. decreased.
c. increased.
d. been consistent.
Question 9Joel just graduated from college and is about to start his first job as a family life educator. He has planned to ask his college sweetheart to marry him after about 3 months in his new job. When Joel came home last weekend, he learned that his parents are divorcing, partially in order to dedicate more time to their careers. According to psychosocial theory, a combination of Joel's needs for development and the unexpected divorce of his parents may lead to
a. Joel being able to resolve his current psychosocial crisis more quickly.
b. Joel ignoring his developmental needs.
c. Joel needing to revisit and reinterpret earlier psychosocial stages.
d. Joel focusing only on his intimate relationship.
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