Around 20 of high school seniors work at a part-time job.

Answer to q. 1

FALSE

Answer to q. 2

Age discrimination involves denying a job or promotion to an individual solely on the basis of his or her age. According to the U.S. Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1986, workers over age 40 are legally protected. Age discrimination often occurs during hiring decisions and is often covert. Example of techniques include using retirement incentives to get rid of older workers, setting physical or mental criteria that would work against older workers, or relying on age-based stereotypes in raise, promotion, or hiring decisions.

An excellent response might also address more thoroughly the fact that age-based decisions applied to those under 40 are not subject to age discrimination claims. This is something that has come under more scrutiny in recent years, and though it is not covered in the chapter individual instructors who encourage a discussion of youth discrimination as an extension of this topic might consider awarding credit for discussing this issue in an essay.

Answer to q. 3

TRUE

Answer to q. 4

Holland's model is called the personality type theory, and it proposes that people choose occupations to optimize the fit between their personal traitsincluding personality, intelligence, skills, and abilitiesand their occupational interests. He categorizes occupations by the interpersonal settings in which people must function and their associated lifestyles. The six occupational personality types are realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional.

Social cognitive career theory (or SCCT) proposes that career choices are a result of the application of Bandura's social cognitive theory, particularly the concept of self-efficacy. It posits that job selection is influenced by one's own interests, and has six different factors: self-efficacy (your belief in your ability), outcome expectations (what you think will happen in a particular situation), interests (what you like), choice goals (what you want to achieve), supports (environmental things that help you), and barriers (environmental things that block or frustrate you).

The two theories work in compliment because the factors of the SCCT are not mutually exclusive from the Holland types. In fact, all six factors of SCCT can be examined within any one of the Holland types, and the two theories share their common emphasis on the relevance of one's interests in their occupational choice.