One difference between the additive and the multiplicative rules that helps us remember when to use which is
a. with the additive rule we are talking about the occurrence of one of several outcomes.
b. with the multiplicative rule we are talking about the occurrence of more than one kind of outcome.
c. the two rules are interchangeable.
d. both a and b
Question 2Once again using the example about supermarket fliers, we would have evidence that the don't litter message on the flier was effective if we found that
a. the probability of finding a flier with the message in the trash can was substantially higher than the probability calculated on the assumption that the two events were independent.
b. the probability of finding a flier with the message in the trash can was substantially lower than the probability calculated on the assumption that the two events were independent.
c. the probability of finding a flier with the message in the trash can was the same as the probability calculated on the assumption that the two events were independent.
d. We can't tell from the information available.
Question 3Using the example from the text about the supermarket fliers, when we calculate the probability that a flier will be left either among the canned goods or in the bottom of the shopping cart, we need to invoke
a. the additive rule.
b. the superlative rule.
c. the dependence rule.
d. the multiplicative rule.
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