Harris (1996) administered the Bem Sex Role Inventory, a scale that is widely used to measure gender identity, to African and European American males and females and found that:
a) European American males have an equal propensity to endorse typically masculine traits.
b) African American males regard more masculine traits as self-descriptive than African American females.
c) both African American males and females were more androgynous than European American males and females.
d) both European American males and females were more androgynous than African American males and females.
Question 2According to Hofstede, cultures with long-term orientations are based on the principle that:
a) unequal status relationships cause imbalance in the society.
b) unequal status relationships lead to a stable society.
c) there should be greater distinction between business and family lives.
d) the focus should be on bottomline profits rather than building relationships.
Question 3In the context of gender role ideologies, Gibbons and her colleagues conducted several cross-cultural studies involving almost 700 adolescents from Spain, Guatemala, and Sri Lanka. In their surveys, these researchers found that the most important quality of an ideal man or woman for both boys and girls was being _____, a characteristic that was not gender-specific.
a) decent
b) successful
c) kind and honest
d) patient and diplomatic
Question 4The _____ dimension, originated from Hofstede's research in Asia, refers to the degree to which cultures encourage delayed gratification of material, social, and emotional needs among its members.
a) individualismcollectivism
b) power distance
c) uncertainty avoidance
d) long- versus short-term orientation
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