Several students are discussing the controversy about recovered memory and false memory. Which of the following students provides the best summary of the recovered-memory perspective?
a. Michele: According to this perspective, all memories that adults recover about childhood sexual abuse are inaccurate, resulting from source-monitoring problems.
b. Magali: This perspective says that there is no objective way to tell whether recovered memories are accurate, so that individuals are advised not to be concerned about them.
c. Greg: According to this perspective, childhood sexual abuse is so traumatic that people may forget those memories for a while, but may retrieve them during adulthood.
d. Sol: According to this perspective, a recovered memory is actually a constructed memory, in other words, people revise the past so that it is consistent with the present.
Question 2According to the discussion of the false memory controversy,
a. we have extensive evidence that people repress painful memories and later recover them.
b. in some cases, therapists have suggested that unpleasant events may have occurred during childhood, and people may mistakenly believe that they actually occurred.
c. researchers have constructed a checklist to determine whether an individual is telling the truth about an early life event; this checklist has high validity.
d. the research shows that people seldom make errors; when they say they experienced an event, it is almost certain that they did so.
Question 3When people estimate their confidence while providing eyewitness testimony,
a. they are typically more correct than they estimate themselves to be.
b. they are almost as confident about their incorrect memories as they are about their correct memories.
c. their confidence about their eyewitness testimony is strongly correlated with the accuracy of the testimony.
d. their confidence is reduced because of the constructivist effect.
Question 4Which of the following statements most accurately captures the point of view called the false-memory perspective with respect to childhood sexual abuse?
a. As adults, people construct an incorrect memory about abuse, and they believe that the abuse actually did occur.
b. As adults, people are encouraged to report an incorrect memory about abuse, but they actually know that the abuse did not occur.
c. As adults, people construct an incorrect memory that their childhood was actually quite pleasant, and they cover up their actual experience of abuse.
d. As children, people construct an incorrect memory about abuse, but as adults, they realize that the abuse did not occur.
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