Based on the discussion of artificial intelligence in Chapter 1,
a. both computers and humans have limited capacities.
b. the psychologists who developed the information-processing approach emphasized that human cognitive processes are very different from artificial-intelligence models.
c. a flowchart cannot be used in studying either computers or human cognitive processes.
d. the computer metaphor has only limited usefulness.
Question 2Suppose that several cognitive scientists are trying to program a computer so that it solves a particular problem in the same way a human does, taking into account that a human may make a few false starts before successfully solving the problem.
This approach is called
a. the neuroscience approach.
b. behavioral modeling.
c. the Pure AI approach.
d. computer simulation.
Question 3Suppose that you want to see whether the human brain responds differently when a person reads a pleasant word, rather than an unpleasant word.
Which of the following neuroscience techniques would provide the most useful information about processing these two kinds of words?
a. the event-related potential (ERP) technique
b. the connectionist approach
c. the brain-lesion technique
d. a positron emission tomography (PET) scan
Question 4Some researchers believe that the human brain works like a complex, sophisticated machine. This approach is called
a. the gestalt approach.
b. the analogy approach.
c. the computer metaphor.
d. the lesion approach.
Question 5According to your textbook, the artificial intelligence (AI) approach
a. creates computer models that demonstrate intelligent behavior.
b. emphasizes that humans possess a central processing mechanism that has unlimited capacity.
c. is currently too vague and nonspecific to be tested.
d. focuses on the development of cognitive abilities during childhood.
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