According to the information-processing approach,
a. we process all information at either a deep or shallow level of processing.
b. introspection is the most important research technique; with the proper controls, introspection can be very reliable.
c. decision-making is the primary component of all cognitive processes.
d. mental processes can be interpreted as a flow of information, somewhat similar to the way a computer operates.
Question 2A cognitive psychologist who analyzes a cognitive task in terms of a series of stageslike the way a computer operatesis using which of the following approaches?
a. the information-processing approach
b. the introspection approach
c. the gestalt approach
d. the parallel distributed processing approach
Question 3The information-processing approach
a. grew directly out of behaviorism.
b. was facilitated by the early research in computer science.
c. was inspired by linguists, such as Noam Chomsky, who provided extensive analyses about the way that sentences are coded in memory.
d. is primarily used to explain cognitive development
Question 4Cognitive psychologists believe that behaviorists cannot explain human language because
a. behaviorists place too much emphasis on genetic explanations.
b. behaviorists cannot provide appropriate explanations because their research rarely uses operational definitions.
c. language has a complex structure that cannot be explained in terms of stimuli and responses.
d. language is acquired in humans through adults' careful teaching of young children.
Question 5During the late 1960s, psychologists began to favor the cognitive approach, because they felt that the behaviorist approach
a. emphasized unobservable cognitive processes.
b. overused Wundt's technique of introspection.
c. placed too much emphasis on concepts such as reinforcement and observable responses.
d. devoted too much research to the organization of memory.
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