Groups that practice sexuality outside prescribed patterns, such as S&M or B&D, or groups such as potheads, Grateful Dead groupies, and youth gangs, are all examples of
A) Stigmata
B) Deviant subcultures
C) Counter groups
D) Group sanctions
Question 2Minstrelization, normification, and militant chauvinism are
A) Strategies to neutralize stigma.
B) Examples of mores.
C) Violations of mores.
D) Violations of folkways.
Question 3Gangs made up of ethnic minorities
A) Are uncommon
B) Provide members with identity and protection
C) Typically come from middle classes
D) Generally help their members relate more positively to primarily white society
Question 4Research on females in gangs shows that
A) A minority of youth gang members are females.
B) Females tend to be more violent than males.
C) Females stay in their gangs until a later age, compared to males
D) About half of youth gang members are females.
Question 5In the past, students who could not give correct answers in class were sometimes forced to wear a tall cone-shaped hat called a dunce cap that was embarrassing and signified that they were dumb. This cap is an example of what Erving Goffman called
A) sanction
B) stigma
C) taboo
D) mos
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