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zoltanmatey zoltanmatey
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3 years ago
Such as in shedding stemcells or normal cells from skin. I know Humans are the only species and parthenogenesis is not quite possible so egg cells are not ok.

BUT i was thinking pluripotent stemcells arrising from 1 to 3 mutations?
and additional genetics switch on to this cell type such as the capillary mounted celltype of the liver and the other major cell type of the liver.

there are also cells from the eyes wich get out through pores and clean the eye these cells acquiring a pluripotent stemcell mutation.

my thought was that it is unlikely and that the organism arrising would have digestive enzymes inside the vesicles for neurotransmitters and would interfer with normal cognitive functions greatly.

but just how much is it possible that a human would arrise or how impossible is it?
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wrote...
Staff Member
3 years ago
The entire process begins when two haploid germ cells called gametes come together during conception. Once the zygote it formed, it undergoes cell division. Thus, one cell divides into two; the daughter cells, called blastomeres, then cleave into four; these cleave into eight, and so on. When the embryo consists of a hundred or more cells it may form a solid mass, called a morula from its resemblance to a mulberry. In most species the mass then resolves itself into a single layer of cells forming a hollow sphere, the blastula. The next step is the formation of a double-walled sac or cup, the gastrula. The outer wall is called the ectoderm, and the inner wall is the endoderm. The endoderm surrounds a new cavity known as the primitive gut. In some cases these two layers are formed by delamination, or splitting, of a mass of cells, but more commonly they are formed by invagination, that is, the pushing in of a portion of the wall of the blastula. In all animals except the simplest, a third layer, the mesoderm, develops between the other two layers.

Thus, one cell divides into two; the daughter cells, called blastomeres, then cleave into four; these cleave into eight, and so on. When the embryo consists of a hundred or more cells it may form a solid mass, called a morula from its resemblance to a mulberry. In most species the mass then resolves itself into a single layer of cells forming a hollow sphere, the blastula. The next step is the formation of a double-walled sac or cup, the gastrula. The outer wall is called the ectoderm, and the inner wall is the endoderm. The endoderm surrounds a new cavity known as the primitive gut. In some cases these two layers are formed by delamination, or splitting, of a mass of cells, but more commonly they are formed by invagination, that is, the pushing in of a portion of the wall of the blastula. In all animals except the simplest, a third layer, the mesoderm, develops between the other two layers.

As you can see, all of this would have to occur from a single stem cell, which is strictly not possible. Embryonic stem cells, which are the one's you're describing, have the potential to develop into any organ or type of tissue in the body. This property is called pluripotency. Embryonic stems cells exist in fully developing embryos for a limited period of time (about three weeks), but do not have the capability to undergo what happens at the early stages of conception.
- Master of Science in Biology
- Bachelor of Science
zoltanmatey Author
wrote...
3 years ago
How you describe it is how it is. BUT it developed through mutations and mutations are ongoing.

it doesnt answer the likeliness of mutations occuring but a mutation in a cell to make it embrionic stem cell might as well result in the development of an embrio. so its inside the body of the multicellular organism
wrote...
Staff Member
3 years ago
How you describe it is how it is. BUT it developed through mutations and mutations are ongoing.

it doesnt answer the likeliness of mutations occuring but a mutation in a cell to make it embrionic stem cell might as well result in the development of an embrio. so its inside the body of the multicellular organism

Mutations don't get passed on if they are detrimental to the organism, it makes no sense from an evolutionary standpoint since all life is geared towards reproduction and survival.

You're asking "what if we intentionally mutated the stem cell to behave as a zygote at its earliest stage". The answer is it's impossible. While the DNA of pluripotent stem cells have a unique epigenetic plasticity that enables them to undergo a wide range of lineage specifications, they still are to some degree methylated and cannot return back to their totipotent progenitors.

Look at the far right of the diagram below to get of sense of how much a stem cell is genetically modified from its purest form.

- Master of Science in Biology
- Bachelor of Science
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