RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

1. What is the disorder of this 62-year-old man?

The disorder of this individual is emphysema.

2. Is this primarily a restrictive or an obstructive disorder? Why?

This is primarily an obstructive disorder with mild restriction as demonstrated by the maximum inspiratory flow rate (63% of normal) and maximum expiratory flow rate (7% of normal).

3. Why is the bronchodilator therapy ineffective in this man?

The bronchodilator therapy is ineffective in this man because he does not have bronchoconstriction; instead there is alveolar destruction with increased RV and FRC.

4. What causes the hypoxemia?

The causes of the hypoxemia are an increased FRC or RV and a decreased alveolar surface area available for gas exchange.

5. Calculate the residual volume (RV) for this person before and after the bronchodilator therapy.

RV = TLC - VC. The RV for this person before bronchodilator therapy is 3.0 L and after is 2.8 L. (Normal RV is 1.2 L.)

6. What is the cause of this altered RV?

Loss of elastic recoil by the "emphysemic" alveoli results in an increased physiologic dead space volume, thus increasing the RV.

7. Calculate the tidal volume (TV) for this person before and after the bronchodilator therapy.

A normal tidal volume = 500 ml/breath-so each above TV is altered.

8. Is each TV normal or altered?

A normal tidal volume = 500 ml/breath-so each above TV is altered

9. Calculate the minute ventilation (MV) for this person before and after the bronchodilator therapy.

MV = TV x f

MV before bronchodilator therapy = 6.6 L/min.
MV after bronchodilator therapy = 6.75 L/min.

10. Is each MV normal or altered?

A normal minute ventilation = 5 - 9 L/min-so each above MV is normal.

thank you so much duddy

NP

Don't forget to make a contribution by uploading your labs, etc.

Ok, I never do the copy paste, those info are cue
thank you...

How did you get the TV?