Which of the following best reflects collectivistic cultural beliefs in education?

Which of the following best reflects collectivistic cultural beliefs in education?
a.   Children often work in groups, with children who have mastered the concept instructing those who have not grasped it just yet.
b.   Children often work individually attempting to do their best so they are the ones to receive the praise of their teacher.
c.   Children are often encouraged to do their best, to meet their own goals, and not be concerned with the goals of others.
d.   Children often study and practice with a friend but take their exams independently and are often encouraged to outperform the rest of the class.