Hey,
By definition, a
central pattern generator is a subset of neurons that can maintain spontaneous rhythmic output in the absence of sensory input.
Therefore, the basic neural control for coordinating the action of the limbs during walking is housed in the spinal cord, and it can maintain its own activity without input from the brain. However, in a natural environment, inputs from the brain
ARE required for a variety of other tasks associated with successful locomotion.
For example, the cortex and brainstem are required to initiate locomotion. In other words, while the central pattern generator can maintain its own activity without input from the brain, it does, in fact, need a brain ?trigger? in order to start.
The cerebellum is required for balance and coordination to prevent the human from falling over. The brainstem controls the speed of locomotion. The cortex assists in regulating gait based on visual inputs such as obstacles and uneven terrain. Even though the central pattern generator can control basic muscular coordination, other sensory inputs and higher integrative inputs are required for successful walking
behavior in a real setting.
Duddy
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