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Home Q & A Board Biology-Related Homework Help Genetics and Developmental Biology
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rjandmj82 rjandmj82
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12 years ago
I'm revising the cell cycle right now and I am really confused about the structure of a chromosome. I don't really understand what a chromatin or a chromatid is, all I know is that a chromosome is a the genetic material after the DNA helix was wrapped around histones and some further folding. What happens to the chromosome during DNA replication?
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12 years ago
A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA and protein found in cells.
In eukaryotes, nuclear chromosomes are packaged by proteins into a condensed structure called chromatin. This allows the very long DNA molecules to fit into the cell nucleus. The structure of chromosomes and chromatin varies through the cell cycle. Chromosomes are the essential unit for cellular division and must be replicated, divided, and passed successfully to their daughter cells so as to ensure the genetic diversity and survival of their progeny.
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12 years ago
Chromosome - '2' Dna strands supported by proteins like histones and connected at the centre by a  centromere

Chromatid - just one of the strands, these only really show up from anaphase onwards.

Chromatin - the whole contents inside the nucleus, this inc. Chromosomes, regulatory and replication proteins and enzymes.

During DNA replication histone proteins (that come in 2 halfs, each side connected to a different part of the strand) split. The strand is then free to be used by which ever enzyme needs to react with it. Thats as much as i know about replication sorry.
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lexiseller12lexiseller12
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12 years ago
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