Explain Community Policing and identify the models

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These should help you get started Some information I found in my notes:

The concept of community policing became a dominant model in the early 1980s and was designed to reunite the police and the community.  It is a long-term process involving fundamental change within the institution, redefining the role of the officer on the street and forcing the department to culturally transform.  Even stationhouses are being changed to better implement community policing.

Some departments have implemented community-oriented policing and problem solving (COPPS) only in a small unit or experimental district, but department-wide implementation is considered to be more effective.  The four key components of successful implementation include leadership and administration, human resources, field operations, and external relations. Problem-oriented policing calls for a significantly broader role for line officers, encouraging them to take the initiative in dealing more effectively with problems in their districts.

A key component of COPPS is rigorous evaluation, to determine whether the approach has made a difference in controlling crime and disorder.  Evaluating COPPS requires a different set of evaluative criteria than those used in the professional policing model (crime rates, clearance rates, response times, etc.)  Outcome measures in a COPPS evaluation might include control of crime, citizen satisfaction, and environmental changes.  Impact measures, which examine changes in community indicators, are also essential.

A key corollary of COPPS is crime prevention. Crime prevention through environmental design is based on three key principles:  natural access control, natural surveillance, and territorial reinforcement.  It requires five main types of information.  Studying repeat victimization is another way to focus on crime prevention, based on the premise that if the police want to know where a crime will occur next, they should at where it happened last.  Repeat victimization is the single best predictor routinely available to the police.  Finally, the Drug Abuse Resistance and Education program is an example of a crime prevention program.  Researchers have found that the program has little impact in preventing drug abuse among children and the program is being revamped.

Holler back if you need anything else

Community Policing is defined as the system of allocating police officers to particular areas so that they become familiar with the local inhabitants.

Community policing seeks to be proactive to crime before it happens and also be proactive within the community. As I got dove deeper into the chapter and models, information was presented on a few models "COMPSTAT", scanning, analysis, response, and assessment ("SARA"), and the Chicago Alternative Policing System ("CAPS").

Models like "COMPSTAT" focuses on using the most accurate and timely information and data available to the police, opening lines of communication both horizontally and vertically within the organization, activating the community at large, and improving the overall efficiency and effectiveness of the police.

The COMPSTAT program is currently used by the NYPD.  Geographic profiling and linkage analysis are being used to assist police in locating serial offenders.  A new gunshot locator system is being designed to pinpoint the origin of gunshots and relay the information to a dispatcher and reduce police response time to crime scenes.  Similarly, GPS technology is being used to plot the locations of vehicles and people.

*Please make sure to rewrite in your own words.