Organic monomers ions and water are not
directly transported from the intravascular compartment (plasma) to the cells of tissues and organs. Why?
A) They must first be transported through the apical and basolateral membranes of veins
B) They all must first be transported through the apical and basolateral membranes of veins
C) They must first diffuse through the interstitial fluid compartment before actively or passively being transported into tissue cells
D) All of the above
Drinking large amounts of water and could cause all of the following
EXCEPT?
A) An initial decrease in blood osmolarity followed by osmotic transport of water into the interstitial fluid compartment
B) An initial increase in urine output
C) Osmotic transport of fluid from the ECF into the ICF compartment
D) An increase release of Antidiuretic hormone by the posterior pituitary of the brain
Normal intracellular and extracellular solute concentrations may be adversely affected by traumatic crushing injuries due to the forced opening of ____________.
A) Leak channels
B) Gap junctions
C) Mechanical regulated gated channels
C) NA+K+ pumps
A decrease in hydrostatic pressure due to left ventricular hypertrophying (AKA: the left ventricle isn't pumping blood forcefully out of the heart and into systemic circulation), will cause a decrease in filtration at the capillaries.
A) True
B) False
Why is the resting cell membrane permeable to K+ than to Na+?
A) Because K+ has a lower molecular weight than Na+
B) Because there are more gated K+ channels than gated Na+ channels on the cell membrane
C) Because K+ is lipophilic
D) Because the cell membrane contains K+ Leak channels
Fats (lipids), carbon dioxide, oxygen and urea are transported across the phospholipid bilaye of the cell membrane by which of the following?
A) Simple diffusion
B) osmosis
C) faciliated diffusion
D) Active transport
The transport of
ions across a cell membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration requires which of the following?
A) ATP
B) Water
C) Carriers
D) Ion specific channles
Co-transport of Na+ and Glucose in the apical epithelial membrane of the small intestines and kidney tubule is a type of which kind of transport?
A) Primary active transport
B) Secondary active transport using a uniport
C) Secondary active transport using a symport
D) Secondary active transport using a antiport
For some pathological reason, a patient has a decrease in extracellular Na+ concentration and an increase in intracellular Na+ concentration. How will the patient be effected by this abnormal concentration gradient?
A) It may interfere with the secondary active co-transport and absorption of Na+ with Glucose from the small intestines
B) It may interfere with the secondary active co-transport and absorption of Na+ with amino acids from the small intestines
C) It will change resting membrane potential
D) It may inhibit (or slow) depolarization and contractions of skeletal muscles and transmission of electrical impulses (action potentials) in neurons
E) All of the above
The rate of facilitated diffusion of glucose through GLUT4 transported on skeletal muscle occurs fast EXCEPT?
A) When insulin is available
B) During periods of hypoglycemia
C) During the fed state
D) During periods of hypoglycemia
How does facilitated diffusion differ from simple diffusion?
A) Facilitated diffusion requires ATP
B) Facilitated diffusion requires a protein carrier
C) Facilitated diffusion requires ion channels
D) Facilitated diffusion requires Na+
How are calcium ions transported
into the cell?
A) By facilitated diffusion
B) By Ca+ ATPase uniports
C) By Na+ Ca+ antiports
D) By simple diffusion through Calcium ion channels when their gates open
Which of the following is TRUE about active cell membrane transport?
A) requires ATP
B) It requires a protein pump
C) It is transport mechanisms of moving ions from an area of low to high concentration
D) All of the above
Which of the following transport mechanisms is responsible for maintaining a high concentration of sodium ions outside of the cell and a high concentration of potassium ion inside of the cell?
A) The Sodium-Potassium ATPase pump
B) The Na+K+ symport
C) Receptor mediated endocytosis
D) Exocytosis
Which of the following describes osmosis?
A) It is a type of facilitated diffusion
B) It is an active form of solute transport
C) It is an active form of solvent transport
D) It is a passive form of transport involved in moving solvent (water) from an area of high to low concentration solvent ( water) concentration
Polar organic monomers, such as glucose, may use what type of transport in order to cross the cell membrane and enter the cell with its concentration gradient?
A) Simple diffusion
B) Facilitated diffusion
C) Ion channels
Administration of a hypertonic IV solution, such as 3% saline, could cause a brain swelling?
A) True
B) False
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