How was the Muslim world shaped and transformed by the rapid expansion under the Umayyads and Abbasi

The Muslim world was shaped and transformed by the rapid expansion under the Umayyads and Abbasids in many ways, such as:

The geographical extent of the Muslim world increased dramatically, reaching from Spain to India, and encompassing diverse regions, peoples, and cultures.

The political structure of the Muslim world changed from a unified caliphate under the Umayyads to a fragmented and decentralized system under the Abbasids, with various local dynasties and movements challenging the authority of the caliph.

The social composition of the Muslim world became more diverse and inclusive, as more non-Arabs and non-Muslims converted to Islam or participated in the administration, trade, and culture of the Islamic state124.
The cultural achievements of the Muslim world flourished under the Abbasids, who patronized science, philosophy, literature, art, and architecture, and fostered a cosmopolitan and intellectual atmosphere in cities like Baghdad.

The religious development of the Muslim world was influenced by the emergence of different sects, schools, and movements within Islam, such as Shiism, Sunnism, Sufism, Mu’tazilism, and Ash’arism.