If you are referring to increase in height of the stems, then all the tissues are increasing in numbers as the apical meristems produce new cells to elongate the plant.

If you are referring to increase in diameter of the stems, then the epidermis, cortex, phloem and xylem would be increasing in size as well. The vascular cambium is increasing the number of xylem cells to the inside of the stem while phloem is added to the outside of the vascular bundle. Once the stem gets to sufficient diameter, the cortex and epidermis have to increase or the stem will split open.

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