Chapter 12. Projectile Trauma.
TRUE/FALSE. Write "T" if the statement is true and "F" if it is false
1. Projectile trauma has such distinct wounding characteristics it deserves a category of its own.
Answer: True p. 248
2. Gauge refers to the size of projectiles expelled from firearms.
Answer: False p. 249
3. Jacketed bullets are less likely to deform on impact than a hollow-point bullet.
Answer: True p. 250
4. Generally projectiles will cause an entry wound and, in some cases, an exit wound.
Answer: True p. 251
5. Internal beveling is a characteristic of an entrance wound due to projectiles (bullets).
Answer: True p. 252
6. External beveling and large size are the usual characteristics of an exit wound due to projectiles (e.g., bullets).
Answer: True p. 252, 255
7. Oval wounds result when projectiles impact a bone’s surface at a 90º angle.
Answer: False p. 253
8. Keyhole wounds are common when a bullet exists a bone.
Answer: False p. 254
9. Entrance wounds are more often irregular in shape than exit wounds.
Answer: False p. 255
10. Radiating fracture lines can occur both in entrance, and exit, wounds.
Answer: True p. 256
11. When analyzing a projectile wound, forensic anthropologists should start with a description of the wound.
Answer: True p. 257
12. The size of entrance wounds are, on the average, the same as their calibers.
Answer: False p. 258
13. The direction of fire sometimes can be seen by passing a probe through the entrance and exit wounds.
Answer: True p. 259
14. With multiple projectile wounds, an estimation of their sequence should be attempted.
Answer: True p. 260
15. Generally, forensic anthropologists should do the same analysis of pellet wounds as they do when working with other projectile wounds.
Answer: False p. 261
16. There is a wide variety of projectiles that can cause bone trauma and death.
Answer: True p. 261 – 262
17. There are many pitfalls in the determination of cause and manner of death.
Answer: True p. 262 - 264
18. More than one projectile wound indicates homicide as the only manner of death.
Answer: False p. 263
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
19. Which of the following types of firearms cause bone trauma that contain the least amount of information?
A Rifles
B Hand guns
C Shotguns
D All of the above
Answer: C p. 248
20. Which of the following terms refers to the size of a projectile?
A Caliber
B Gauge
C Rifling
D All of the above
Answer: A p. 249
21. Which of the following calibers is the largest diameter of a bullet?
A .22
B .30-‘06
C 9 mm
D .45
Answer: D p. 250
22. Which of the following projectiles cause the most damage when impacting the human body?
A Hollow-points
B Bullets with full-metal jacket
C Semi-jacketed bullets
D All of the above
Answer: A p. 250
23. Which of the following basic concepts of ammunition and firearms needs to be understood by forensic anthropologists?
A Size
B Bullet construction
C Projectile velocity
D All of the above
Answer: D p. 248 – 251
24. Which of the following is a characteristic of a projectile exit wound in bone?
A Inward beveling
B Outward beveling
C Round shape
D All of the above
Answer: B p. 252
25. Which of the following is a characteristic of a projectile entrance wound in bone?
A Inward beveling
B Oval shape
C Round shape
D All of the above
Answer: D p. 253 – 255
26. Which of the following is a characteristic of a wound to bone caused by a grazing bullet?
A Oval shape
B Outward beveling
C Keyhole shape
D None of the above
Answer: C p. 254
27. Which of the following bullet sizes would cause an entrance wound smaller than that caused by a .22 caliber bullet?
A .22
B .25
C .38
D .44
Answer: B p. 255
28. Which of the following fracture lines is likely to occur in a skull?
A Butterfly
B Radiating
C Irregular
D All of the above
Answer: B p. 256 – 257
29. A butterfly fracture is most likely to appear on which of the following bones?
A Skull
B Femur
C Vertebrae
D All of the above
Answer: B p. 257
30. Which of the following sizes is most likely caused by a .22 caliber bullet?
A .27
B .26
C .34
D .43
Answer: A p. 258
31. Which of the following characteristics of a wound indicates that the causative projectile was probably jacketed?
A Shattered bone
B Irregular exit wound
C Circular exit wound
D All of the above
Answer: C p. 258 – 259
32. In cases of multiple projectile wounds, which of the following characteristics of fracture lines from a wound indicates that it was the first wound to occur?
A Fracture line does not end at another fracture line
B Fracture line ends at another fracture line
C Fracture line radiates outward from exit wound
D All of the above
Answer: A p. 260
33. Which of the following characteristics of pellet wounds should forensic anthropologists note for use by ballistics experts?
A Placement of pellets in the body
B Placement of bone indentations caused by pellets
C Retrieval of pellets from around the body
D All of the above
Answer: A p. 261
34. Which of the following could cause projectile wounds to bone?
A Arrows
B Crossbow bolts
C Tear gas canisters
D All of the above
Answer: D p. 261 – 262
35. Which of the following is helpful in determining cause and manner of death in projectile wounds?
A Location of wounds
B Severity of wounds
C Path of projectile
D All of the above
Answer: D p. 262 – 263
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