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Moso13 Moso13
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6 years ago
Studying for an exam and can't figure out this question
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wrote...
Valued Member
Educator
6 years ago
Hi Moso13,

OK, the only thing I know about antisense is when it comes to tRNA transferring the right amino acid to the ribosomal complex that forms after transcription.

I found this source that elaborates on antisense.

The ntisense transcript regulatory mechanisms affect different levels of gene expression including: transcription interference, transcription attenuation, translation stimulation or inhibition, and RNA stability. Another major discovery found in bacteria was that many regulatory RNAs dwell in mRNAs.

Here are some of the characteristics of this type of RNA.

Antisense RNA can be inherited during conjugation (horizontal gene transfer).

High-throughput transcriptomics has shown that every organism can potentially possess one or several asRNA regulators for every single gene.

New asRNAs evolve easily and automatically during mutations of the original DNA template.

Because both antisense and target RNAs are transcribed in close proximity due to the position of the cis on their templates, a high local concentration of both types of molecule takes place. These so-called steric effects and the limited diffusion of transcripts lead to an efficient interaction between antisense and target RNAs, which is suggested to be controlled and biologically effective.

The spatial closeness of the promoter sites to antisense and target RNAs also causes transcriptional interference, and thus has a regulatory role.
Source  https://cmbl.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s11658-016-0007-z
wrote...
6 years ago
Antisense oligos are short sections of nucleic acids or nucleic acid analogs that can be used to target sites on RNA to alter gene expression, most commonly suppressing gene expression.  There are several mechanisms of action that depend on the chemistry of the oligos used. RNase-H competent oligos, such as DNA or phosphorothioate-linked DNA, trigger the action of RNase-H to degrade complementary RNAs to which they bind.  RNase-independant  oligos, such as Morpholinos, peptide nucleic acids, locked nucleic acids, 2'-O-Me phosphorothioate RNA etc., bind to complementary sites on RNA and act like masking tape, getting in the way of processes.  The RNase-independant oligos are used to:
  • block translation by blocking the progression of the translation initiation complex to the start codon,
  • modify splicing by blocking snRNP binding sites on pre-mRNA,
  • block miRNA maturation by invading the mIRNA precursor hairpin and blocking the nucleolytic processing sites,
  • block miRNA activity by binding to a guide strand or a microRNA response element on the 3'-UTR of an mRNA,
  • block a poly-A tailing signal sequence,
  • block a splice regulatory protein binding site,
etc.

Wikipedia has good pages on antisense oligos.
Jon Moulton
Gene Tools LLC
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