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Informative Strategies Purpose of Strategies Use multiple strategies create a well-rounded speech fully informs the audience provide layers of information Audience Analysis and Strategies Consider audience analysis when choosing What does your audience already know? Which strategies would best complement knowledge? Do we need to see it? Can you educate us by telling? Define Clarify a term or concept meaning might be misunderstood, unclear new way of understanding a concept Example: “Subsequent studies have shown that boxers are also far more likely to suffer from another type of brain damage called cavum septi pellucidi, which occurs when a boxer receives a blow to the brain and a cave or space develops between the two membranes that divide the brain.” Report Reviews what has happened chronologically No analysis or interpretation of events Walk us through an event, process Example: “As stated in The Cambridge World History of Food, within fifty years after Columbus returned to Spain with sample plants, chili peppers could be found growing in coastal areas from Africa to Asia. From there, they spread inland, until they took hold of the taste buds of people around the world. Today they’re most widely used in Mexico, Central and South America, Africa, Asia, the Balkins, and the U.S.” Explain Share different views of what happened Share how or why something happened Evaluate benefits or disadvantages Example: “The lightweight design increased the headphones’ comfort, a crucial aspect of mobility. The reduced weight made it so that no matter what you were doing the MDL-3L2s were easy to wear.” Describe Vivid details, create a mental picture Example: “One night in 1913, a New York woman by the name of Mary Phelps Jacob was going out and noticed her corset didn’t look nice under her dress. The corset’s whale bone and metal rods stuck out around her neckline and made raised ridges under her dress.” Compare Clarify similarities and differences Bridge familiar and unfamiliar information Example: “Every time that the radio waves meet the resistance of the metal prongs at the treatment site, they create heat. It’s kind of like an atomic mosh pit, with a crowd of atoms suddenly agitated by radio waves; the electrons begin to bounce around and collide, creating friction and thus heat.” Demonstrate Show us how something is done Example: A student shows how to use nunchucks with the help of a classmate. The speaker introduces a mode of self-defense, then walks us through the self-defense while swinging the nunchucks, pretending to fight off her classmate.