psyc

Question 1 0 out of 1 points According to social cognitive theory, goal-directed behavior is best understood in terms of Selected Answer: standards and reinforcers. Question 2 1 out of 1 points In social cognitive theory, one of the ways in which self-regulation is achieved is Selected Answer: through the use of internal standards and self-evaluation. Question 3 1 out of 1 points Delay of gratification scores in preschool children were found to be related to later Selected Answer: all of the above. Question 4 1 out of 1 points Social cognitive theory has roots in Selected Answer: learning theory. Question 5 1 out of 1 points According to social cognitive theory, effortful performance is most enhanced when Selected Answer: goals and feedback are prese Bandura’s microanalytic research strategy emphasizes Selected Answer: the enduring influence of unconscious processes. Question 2 1 out of 1 points According to research by Casey et al. (2011), people low in the ability to delay gratification displayed more processing in the striatum, an area of the brain associated with processing reward information. How does this provide insight into the ability to delay gratification? Selected Answer: It indicates that in order to delay gratification, one must become a little less sensitive to environmental rewards. Question 3 1 out of 1 points Behavioral signatures consist of Selected Answer: profiles of situation-behavior relationships. Question 4 1 out of 1 points According to Bandura, greater effort follows from Selected Answer: not meeting one's standards. Question 5 0 out of 1 points In Michel’s delay of gratification paradigm, children get a large reward if they Selected Answer: all of the above. In Markus’ self-schema measure, a person is said to be schematic with regard to a personality attribute if they Selected Answer: a and b. Question 2 1 out of 1 points Dweck’s research on learning and performance goals employed a _____ research procedure. Selected Answer: think-aloud Question 3 1 out of 1 points The best way of increasing self-efficacy is by Selected Answer: mastery experiences. Question 4 1 out of 1 points Meichenbaum's approach has much in common with that of Selected Answer: Kelly. Question 5 1 out of 1 points In Dweck’s research, beliefs that we cannot state in words are called Selected Answer: implicit theories. Compared in Western nations, in Asian cultures self concept is Selected Answer: more interdependent. Question 2 1 out of 1 points The text suggests that issues of culture Selected Answer: are of central importance to the study of personality. Question 3 1 out of 1 points Rejection sensitivity involves primarily Selected Answer: anxious expectations. Question 4 1 out of 1 points Research on personality development shows that the effects of impulsivity Selected Answer: are worse if you live in low SES neighborhoods. Question 5 1 out of 1 points Transference Selected Answer: none of the above. Question 1 2 out of 2 points What did Casey et al.’s (2011) research indicate regarding the link between childhood ability to delay gratification and adulthood brain activity? Selected Answer: There was a link, indicating that delay ability likely remains relatively stable throughout the lifespan. Question 2 2 out of 2 points ___________ knowledge can be stated in words, whereas _________ knowledge cannot. Selected Answer: declarative; procedural Question 3 2 out of 2 points Modeling involves the acquisition of Selected Answer: both (a) and (b). Question 4 2 out of 2 points The CAPS model was developed by Selected Answer: Mischel and Shoda. Question 5 2 out of 2 points _______ refers to what people think will happen, whereas _______ refer to what people think should happen. Selected Answer: expectancies; standards Question 6 2 out of 2 points Which of the following is not a structural unit emphasized by social cognitive theory? Selected Answer: generalized expectancies. Question 7 0 out of 2 points A numerical value that can influence people’s estimates of a quantity is called Selected Answer: [None Given] Question 8 2 out of 2 points Which of the following items could appear on a scale measuring moral disengagement? Selected Answer: Both ‘a’ and ‘b.’ Question 9 2 out of 2 points Bandura's view of motivation involves Selected Answer: both (a) and (b). Question 10 2 out of 2 points A ___________ is a criterion for judging the goodness or worth of a person or thing. Selected Answer: evaluative standard Question 11 2 out of 2 points In observational learning, a critical distinction is made between Selected Answer: acquisition and performance. Question 12 2 out of 2 points Experiments (outlined in the text) which show that a subject can develop a conditioned response through the observation of another person (model) being conditioned are taken as evidence of Selected Answer: vicarious conditioning. Question 13 2 out of 2 points According to social cognitive theory, goals Selected Answer: allow us to organize behavior over extended periods of time. Question 14 2 out of 2 points The fact that children learn so many behaviors through television can probably best be explained by Selected Answer: Bandura's observational learning. Question 15 2 out of 2 points According to research by Casey et al. (2011), people low in the ability to delay gratification displayed more processing in the striatum, an area of the brain associated with processing reward information. How does this provide insight into the ability to delay gratification? Selected Answer: It indicates that in order to delay gratification, one must become a little less sensitive to environmental rewards. Question 16 0 out of 2 points Mischel found that preschool measures of delay of gratification were Selected Answer: all of the above. Question 17 2 out of 2 points Evaluation of what is at stake occurs in Selected Answer: primary appraisal. Question 18 2 out of 2 points A ______________ is a difference between the actual self and a self-guide Selected Answer: self-discrepancy Question 19 2 out of 2 points The major structural component of the KAPA model is the _____ and the process component is the _____. Selected Answer: knowledge; appraisal Question 20 0 out of 2 points In Markus’ self-schema measure, a person is said to be schematic with regard to a personality attribute if they Selected Answer: give a very high or low rating on the attribute. Question 21 2 out of 2 points What principle(s) guide assessment using the KAPA approach? Selected Answer: both (a) and (b) are correct Question 22 2 out of 2 points A ______ method is one that measures the duration required for someone to give a response. Selected Answer: reaction-time Question 23 2 out of 2 points The cognitive triad involves views concerning Selected Answer: Self, world, and future. Question 24 2 out of 2 points People tend to make judgments _____________ when the judgment is related to a personality attribute for which they are schematic. Selected Answer: more quickly Question 25 2 out of 2 points Research on gender differences and self-schemas suggests that Selected Answer: self-schemas are influenced by social norms about gender. Question 26 2 out of 2 points Research by Swann indicates that _________ strongly prefer positive feedback about the self. Selected Answer: people with positive self-views Question 27 2 out of 2 points The work of Markus may be seen as most relevant to that of Selected Answer: Rogers and Kelly. Question 28 2 out of 2 points Mental structures that allow us quickly to interpret complex stimuli are called Selected Answer: schemas. Question 29 2 out of 2 points According to research findings and anecdotal evidence by Flett, Hewitt and colleagues, an adaptive lifestyle may be one that mixes _____ standards of achievement with the capacity to accept aspects of ourselves that are _____ perfect. Selected Answer: high; not Question 30 0 out of 2 points Shoda and colleagues (2013) have translated the cognitive-affective personality system (CAPS) model to obtain stress vulnerability signatures of individuals. In this approach, they: Selected Answer: focus on between-person variations in stress. Question 31 0 out of 2 points If a person had a view of the self as intelligent and a view of intelligence as fixed, but did poorly on an exam, one would expect them to Selected Answer: It would depend on how they did on the previous exam. Question 32 2 out of 2 points People generally possess ___________ self-schema. Selected Answer: many Question 33 2 out of 2 points Beck's cognitive therapy for depression Selected Answer: makes use of behavioral assignments. Question 34 2 out of 2 points Research based on the KAPA model of personality architecture reveals personality consistency across Selected Answer: idiosyncratic sets of situations. Question 35 2 out of 2 points People who strategically use negative thinking to motivate themselves are called Selected Answer: defensive pessimists. Question 36 2 out of 2 points The relationships of people high in rejection sensitivity are relatively more likely to Selected Answer: break up. Question 37 2 out of 2 points The tendency to display bouts of anger is called Selected Answer: ill-temperedness. Question 38 2 out of 2 points Transference Selected Answer: none of the above. Question 39 2 out of 2 points People in India have been found to be less likely to attribute causes of actions to Selected Answer: personality characteristics. Question 40 2 out of 2 points Susan Andersen and colleagues explain transference in terms of Selected Answer: basic social-cognitive processes. Question 41 0 out of 2 points Research in academic settings reveals that defensive pessimists ______ optimists. Selected Answer: do about the same as Question 42 2 out of 2 points Socioemotional selectivity theory suggest that awareness of ______ is important to development. Selected Answer: one’s life span Question 43 0 out of 2 points Optimism and defensive pessimism Selected Answer: none of the above. Question 44 2 out of 2 points In Eastern cultures, people experience greater intrinsic motivation when tasks Selected Answer: are chosen by an authority figure. Question 45 2 out of 2 points Work by Andersen on transference reveals that Selected Answer: social cognitive analyses can illuminate phenomena originally of interest to psychoanalysts. Question 46 2 out of 2 points Socioemotional selectivity theory predicts that older adults will value Selected Answer: emotion regulation, especially personal relationships. Question 47 2 out of 2 points Research by Ayduk et al. demonstrates the importance of Selected Answer: attentional focus. Question 48 2 out of 2 points The RSQ measures Selected Answer: rejection sensitivity. Question 49 2 out of 2 points The overall design and operating characteristics of personality systems are termed, by Cervone, Selected Answer: the architecture of personality. Question 50 2 out of 2 points The quote from Clifford Geertz suggests that Selected Answer: there is no such thing as human nature without culture. Tuesday, December 10, 2019 11:45:32 PM CST