02 Worksheet 1 Combining Power and Ion Formation

Name Date Pd Honors Chemistry – Unit 5 Worksheet 1 We have observed evidence that when metal/non-metal compounds are dissolved, the metal particles tend to form positively charged ions (cations), while non-metal particles tend to form negatively charged ions (anions). However, when these same metal and non-metal particles are combined to form compounds they do not conduct electricity as solids. We will now examine the patterns that exist for the ratios in which these elements combine in order to determine the charges of the ions they form. 1. Write the formula and draw the particle diagram for each compound. The ratio of ions in each compound is given. Atoms involved 1 calcium 1 oxygen 2 lithium 1 oxygen 2 aluminum 3 sulfur 1 beryllium 1 sulfur formula particle diagram Atoms involved 2 boron 3 oxygen 1 magnesium 1 oxygen 2 sodium 1 sulfur formula particle diagram Atoms involved 1 magnesium 2 chlorine 1 lithium 1 fluorine 1 beryllium 2 bromine 1 boron 3 chlorine formula particle diagram Atoms involved 1 sodium 1 chlorine 1 calcium 2 bromine 1 aluminum 3 chlorine formula particle diagram 2. Write each formula from Question 1 in the boxes corresponding to its elements. For example, the compound formed from sodium and sulfur have been written in the box for sodium and in the box for sulfur. Now add the rest. right1161415Helium 2 He Lithium 3 Li Beryllium 4 Be Hydrogen 1 H Nitrogen 7 N Carbon 6 C Boron 5 B Neon 10 Ne Fluorine 9 F Oxygen 8 O Sodium 11 Na2S Magnesium 12 Mg Silicon 14 Si Aluminum 13 Al Argon 18 Ar Chlorine 17 Cl Sulfur 16 Na2S Potassium 19 K Calcium 20 Ca Arsenic 33 As Germanium 32 Ge Gallium 31 Ga Krypton 36 Kr Bromine 35 Br Selenium 34 Se Phosphorus 15 P 00Helium 2 He Lithium 3 Li Beryllium 4 Be Hydrogen 1 H Nitrogen 7 N Carbon 6 C Boron 5 B Neon 10 Ne Fluorine 9 F Oxygen 8 O Sodium 11 Na2S Magnesium 12 Mg Silicon 14 Si Aluminum 13 Al Argon 18 Ar Chlorine 17 Cl Sulfur 16 Na2S Potassium 19 K Calcium 20 Ca Arsenic 33 As Germanium 32 Ge Gallium 31 Ga Krypton 36 Kr Bromine 35 Br Selenium 34 Se Phosphorus 15 P 3. What patterns do you find in the formulas of the compounds formed in the table in #2? Based on these patterns, predict the formulas of the compounds formed by the ions below. Ratio of ions in compound Atoms involved ___ potassium ___ oxygen ___ calcium ___ sulfur ___ gallium ___ oxygen formula 4. How does a neutral atom become a positive ion? How does a neutral atom become a negative ion? 5. Do the elements in group 1A behave more like top or bottom tape? Explain. 6. Do the elements in group 7A behave more like the top or bottom tape? Explain. 7. Make whatever generalizations you can about the charge of the ions formed by elements in columns 1A, 2A, 3A and 7A based on the ratio of atoms in each of the compounds they form. 8. Using the fact that compounds are also neutral, account for the fact that the ions combine in the ratios you have listed in the table in #2. Provide a couple of specific examples to support your explanation.