Advanced topic: A sleep deprivation researcher randomly assigned 18 participants to one of three conditions: 12 hours without sleep, 24 hours without sleep, or 36 hours without sleep. Following the manipulation, participants completed a measure of negative mood. Mood scores for each group are listed below. Using the .05 level, was there a significant difference in negative mood depending on length of sleep deprivation?
12-hour 24-hour 36-hour
10 9 21
8 12 18
6 15 17
9 13 15
5 10 18
13 16
19
a. Carry out the five steps of hypothesis testing and make a complete analysis of variance table.
b. Sketch the distributions involved.
c. Figure the effect size of this study and indicate whether it is nearer to small, medium, or large.
d. Explain the logic of what you did to a person who is familiar with the analysis of variance using the approach in which you figure the variance for each group, but who has not learned anything about the structural model approach. (Be sure to explain dividing the overall deviation from the grand mean, the logic of the different parts of the analysis of variance table, and how all this relates to the logic of the approach in which you figure the variance for each group.)