The inhibitory action of stress on immune function is mostly due to
a. inactivation of the PVN.
b. impaired secretion of CRH.
c. increased secretion of glucocorticoids.
d. inactivation of the pituitary.
e. increased formation of immunoglobulins.
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Baron-Cohen suggests that autistic spectrum disorder involves an exaggeration of ______ interests such as ______.
A) female; rough and tumble play
B) male; drug addiction
C) male; rough and tumble play
D) female; drug addiction
E) male; inferring the thoughts and feelings of others.
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The anxiolytic effects of alcohol may be due to
A) increased activation of GABAAreceptors.
B) release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens.
C) inhibition of the limbic system.
D) release of glycine from cells within the spinal cord.
E) increased activity of MCH within the ventral tegmental area.
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Which of the following is a correct match between a drug and its toxic effect?
A) synthetic opiate; acquired Parkinson's disease
B) cocaine; lung cancer
C) smoking; reduced urge to drink alcohol
D) alcohol; lung cancer
E) cocaine; Korsakoff's disease
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Studies indicate that cocaine craving is associated with
A) increased activation of the parietal cortex.
B) activation of neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex.
C) increased blood flow in the anterior cingulate cortex.
D) decreased activation of the orbitofrontal cortex.
E) decreased dopamine production in the nucleus accumbens.
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Use of ________ by pregnant women is one of the leading causes of mental retardation.
A) alcohol
B) marijuana
C) nicotine
D) cocaine
E) caffeine
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The case of Patient N. suggests that the urge to smoke comes from activity of the
A) lateral hypothalamus.
B) nucleus accumbens.
C) hippocampus.
D) amygdala.
E) insula.
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Glucocorticoid receptors
a. are found in highest concentration in the adrenal glands.
b. are found within almost every cell of the body.
c. disappear following adrenalectomy.
d. gradually deteriorate with age.
e. are primarily localized in the brainstem and the spinal cord.
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The positive symptoms of schizophrenia may be caused by
A) poor parenting.
B) a single recessive gene.
C) excessive activity in dopamine circuits in the brain.
D) a degenerative disorder of the brain.
E) an imbalance of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain.
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The negative symptoms of schizophrenia may be related to
A) having an older father.
B) excessive birth weight.
C) brain damage.
D) a "schizophrenia gene."
E) overactivity of dopaminergic neurons.
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