Emergency Medical Care

6 years ago

The diaphragm is controlled by the ________ nerve.

The diaphragm is controlled by the ________ nerve.
A) vagus
B) olfactory
C) abducens
D) phrenic

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6 years ago

An example of diffusion in the respiratory system is movement of:

An example of diffusion in the respiratory system is movement of:
A) oxygen from the alveoli into the pulmonary capillaries.
B) air from the outside environment into the lungs.
C) oxygen from the tissues into the systemic capillaries.

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6 years ago

Which of the following patients are at risk for the most common cause of upper airway obstruction?

Which of the following patients are at risk for the most common cause of upper airway obstruction?
A) 4-year-old male with croup
B) 21-year-old female unconscious and supine on the floor
C) 22-year-old female stung by a wasp
D) 5-

turblety 124 1 Reply

6 years ago

Normal tidal volume in an average 70 kg adult is approximately ________ e.

Normal tidal volume in an average 70 kg adult is approximately ________ e.
A) 1,500
B) 1,000
C) 750
D) 500

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6 years ago

After a normal inspiration and expiration, an adult patient has about 2,400 mL of air remaining in ...

After a normal inspiration and expiration, an adult patient has about 2,400 mL of air remaining in the lungs, known as the:
A) expiratory reserve volume.
B) residual volume.
C) functional residual capacity.
D) vital capacity.

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6 years ago

Stretch receptors in the lungs send a signal to the inspiratory center of the medulla, inhibiting ...

Stretch receptors in the lungs send a signal to the inspiratory center of the medulla, inhibiting its stimulation of the phrenic and intercostal nerves. This is called the ________ reflex.
A) Cushing's
B) Hering-Breuer
C) Moro

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6 years ago

You are working in the ED caring for a 55-year-old female with a long history of COPD. She is more ...

You are working in the ED caring for a 55-year-old female with a long history of COPD. She is more short of breath today than usual and states she has an increased cough. She has a tympanic temperature of 99.8°F. You have drawn arterial blood gases w

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6 years ago

Your ICU patient has ARDS with a pO2 of 62 mmHg, despite mechanical ventilation and oxygenation. ...

Your ICU patient has ARDS with a pO2 of 62 mmHg, despite mechanical ventilation and oxygenation. Which of the following best explains this finding?
A) It is a problem with perfusion.
B) It is a problem with ventilation.
C) It is a prob

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6 years ago

Most carbon dioxide from cellular metabolism reaches the alveoli by being transported:

Most carbon dioxide from cellular metabolism reaches the alveoli by being transported:
A) bound to hemoglobin.
B) as bicarbonate ion.
C) dissolved in plasma.
D) as carbonic anhydrase.

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6 years ago

Pulmonary embolism is a problem of:

Pulmonary embolism is a problem of:
A) interstitial edema.
B) ventilation of lungs.
C) thickness of the respiratory membrane.
D) perfusion of the lungs.

JPDeni 107 1 Reply

6 years ago

Normal exhalation involves all of the following EXCEPT:

Normal exhalation involves all of the following EXCEPT:
A) decreased intrathoracic volume.
B) phrenic nerve stimulation.
C) relaxation of the diaphragm.
D) elastic recoil of lung tissue.

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6 years ago

Obstructive sleep apnea is a problem of the:

Obstructive sleep apnea is a problem of the:
A) phrenic nerve.
B) upper airway.
C) medulla oblongata.
D) larynx and vocal cords.

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6 years ago

Which of the following provides evidence that a patient is using accessory muscles to breathe?

Which of the following provides evidence that a patient is using accessory muscles to breathe?
A) The patient is using his diaphragm with inspiration.
B) The patient's lips are pursed.
C) There is noticeable contraction of the int

JPDeni 64 1 Reply

6 years ago

You have been called to treat a patient complaining of difficulty breathing. Which of the findings ...

You have been called to treat a patient complaining of difficulty breathing. Which of the findings should concern you the most?
A) The patient is confused, agitated, and angry that you are trying to help him.
B) The patient is sitting in th

JPDeni 74 1 Reply

6 years ago

Your patient complains of coughing up "greenish-brown" sputum. This is most consistent ...

Your patient complains of coughing up "greenish-brown" sputum. This is most consistent with:
A) cancer.
B) bronchitis.
C) seasonal allergies.
D) pulmonary edema.

JPDeni 176 1 Reply

6 years ago

As you are palpating your patient's chest, he speaks, and you can feel the vibration through the ...

As you are palpating your patient's chest, he speaks, and you can feel the vibration through the chest wall. You should document this as:
A) crepitus.
B) tactile fremitus.
C) bronchovesicular sounds.
D) a pleural friction rub

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6 years ago

Capnometry measures the partial pressure of CO2 in:

Capnometry measures the partial pressure of CO2 in:
A) venous blood.
B) arterial blood.
C) expired air.
D) inspired air.

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6 years ago

ETCO2 is recorded during phase ________ of the capnogram.

ETCO2 is recorded during phase ________ of the capnogram.
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV

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6 years ago

Your patient is a 23-year-old female who is 30 weeks pregnant. She choked on some cheese while ...

Your patient is a 23-year-old female who is 30 weeks pregnant. She choked on some cheese while eating a piece of pizza. When asked if she can speak, she replies "yes," although with some difficulty. Your next step should be to:
A) perf

JPDeni 75 1 Reply

6 years ago

Your patient is a 20-year-old male with a peanut allergy who inadvertently ate some candy containing ...

Your patient is a 20-year-old male with a peanut allergy who inadvertently ate some candy containing peanuts. He is complaining of a "lump" in his throat, his voice is hoarse with mild inspiratory stridor, and he appears anxious. You are gi

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6 years ago

Your patient is a 60-year-old male with an acute exacerbation of COPD. You may consider giving the ...

Your patient is a 60-year-old male with an acute exacerbation of COPD. You may consider giving the patient ipratropium because, in addition to reversing bronchospasm, it is helpful in:
A) reducing inflammation.
B) drying bronchial secretion

turblety 73 1 Reply

6 years ago

When using CPAP in patients with COPD, in general, PEEP should be:

When using CPAP in patients with COPD, in general, PEEP should be:
A) < 10 mm Hg.
B) > 10 mm Hg.
C) < 10 cm H2O.
D) > 10 cm H2O.

turblety 49 1 Reply

6 years ago

Your patient is a 15-year-old asthmatic who has been having difficulty breathing for 45 minutes but ...

Your patient is a 15-year-old asthmatic who has been having difficulty breathing for 45 minutes but does not have his Xopenex inhaler with him. Capnography shows an ETCO2 of 45 mmHg. The best way to interpret this finding is:
A) this is a normal

JPDeni 68 1 Reply

6 years ago

Your patient is a 24-year-old male Chinese citizen on vacation in the United States. He is in ...

Your patient is a 24-year-old male Chinese citizen on vacation in the United States. He is in moderate distress, complaining of difficulty breathing and gives a four-day history of runny nose, sore throat, fever, chills, and general malaise with a pr

JPDeni 55 1 Reply

6 years ago

Your patient is a 68-year-old male complaining of difficulty breathing for two days. He is sitting ...

Your patient is a 68-year-old male complaining of difficulty breathing for two days. He is sitting up, conscious, alert, and oriented and appears to be in mild respiratory distress. Physical examination reveals cool, dry, pink skin; he is thin with w

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6 years ago

You have applied a CO-oximeter to your patient, and it is displaying an SpCO of 15 percent. Which of ...

You have applied a CO-oximeter to your patient, and it is displaying an SpCO of 15 percent. Which of the following is the most appropriate interpretation of this finding?
A) This is consistent with a fatal level of carbon monoxide poisoning.

websith 49 1 Reply

6 years ago

You are working at the triage desk in the ED when a young man on crutches approaches the desk. He ...

You are working at the triage desk in the ED when a young man on crutches approaches the desk. He appears moderately short of breath. He states he had a cast put on his left leg seven days ago after surgery for a ruptured Achilles tendon. This mornin

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6 years ago

You are caring for a patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome. The most likely cause of hypoxia in this ...

You are caring for a patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome. The most likely cause of hypoxia in this patient would be:
A) impaired perfusion.
B) inadequate lung volume.
C) impaired ventilation.
D) increased thickness of the respira

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6 years ago

Which of the following statements about adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is FALSE?

Which of the following statements about adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is FALSE?
A) PEEP is often required to adequately ventilate ARDS patients.
B) The mortality rate is 20 to 30 percent.
C) Pulmonary edema and disruption

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6 years ago

The amount of air moved in and out of the lungs during a normal, quiet respiration is called:

The amount of air moved in and out of the lungs during a normal, quiet respiration is called:
A) tidal volume.
B) dead space volume.
C) inspiratory capacity.
D) functional reserve capacity.

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6 years ago

The carpopedal spasms that occur due to hyperventilation syndrome are a result of a relative ...

The carpopedal spasms that occur due to hyperventilation syndrome are a result of a relative ________, secondary to ________.
A) hypocalcemia, decrease in unbound calcium
B) hypercalcemia, respiratory alkalosis
C) hypocalcemia, increas

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6 years ago

An increased hydrogen ion concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid results in a(n) ________ ...

An increased hydrogen ion concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid results in a(n) ________ respiratory rate.
A) erratic
B) decreased
C) unchanged
D) increased

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6 years ago

Lung perfusion depends on all of the following EXCEPT:

Lung perfusion depends on all of the following EXCEPT:
A) efficient pumping of blood by the heart.
B) intact pulmonary capillaries.
C) an intact alveolar membrane.
D) adequate blood volume.

JPDeni 61 1 Reply

6 years ago

Which of the following statements about pulse oximetry is FALSE?

Which of the following statements about pulse oximetry is FALSE?
A) Oxygen saturation is the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with some molecular structure.
B) Pulse oximetry values can be expected to decrease within seconds in cases

turblety 85 1 Reply

6 years ago

Which of the following is the most important determinant of ventilatory rate?

Which of the following is the most important determinant of ventilatory rate?
A) Arterial PO2
B) Venous PCO2
C) Venous PO2
D) Arterial PCO2

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6 years ago

Which of the following is the purpose of lung surfactant?

Which of the following is the purpose of lung surfactant?
A) Destroy and remove foreign material from the alveoli.
B) Aid in the facilitated diffusion of oxygen across the alveolar membrane.
C) Decrease the surface tension of water in

websith 123 1 Reply

6 years ago

You have intubated a 66-year-old female who was experiencing an acute exacerbation of her emphysema. ...

You have intubated a 66-year-old female who was experiencing an acute exacerbation of her emphysema. What special consideration does this patient, with her specific pathology, require?
A) She requires hyperventilation to blow off excess CO2.

JPDeni 99 1 Reply

6 years ago

Your patient is a 72-year-old female, alert and oriented, sitting up in bed at a nursing home. She ...

Your patient is a 72-year-old female, alert and oriented, sitting up in bed at a nursing home. She is in mild respiratory distress. The staff describes a four-day history of fever, malaise, and productive cough. The patient also states that she has b

turblety 102 1 Reply

6 years ago

Which of the following is NOT a role of the upper respiratory system?

Which of the following is NOT a role of the upper respiratory system?
A) Warm inspired air
B) Filter inspired air
C) Carry out gas exchange with inspired air
D) Humidify inspired air

turblety 76 1 Reply