Anatomy and Physiology

Which of the following physiological responses is associated with elevated sympathetic nervous syste

Which of the following physiological responses is associated with elevated sympathetic nervous syste

Which of the following physiological responses is associated with elevated sympathetic nervous system activity?
A) inhibition of cardiovascular function
B) increased contractile force of the heart
C) enhanced absorption of nutrients

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Your patient is in the hospital due to left heart failure. In your observation, you notice that she

Your patient is in the hospital due to left heart failure. In your observation, you notice that she

Your patient is in the hospital due to left heart failure. In your observation, you notice that she has a very low pulse oximeter reading, her skin is turning blue, and she appears to be in respiratory distress (rapid shallow breathing). You immediat

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Dual innervation of organs by the autonomic nervous system refers to the observation that

Dual innervation of organs by the autonomic nervous system refers to the observation that

Dual innervation of organs by the autonomic nervous system refers to the observation that
A) autonomic neurons that innervate each target organ originate from two ganglia.
B) two postganglionic sympathetic neurons innervate each target org

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Pulmonary edema describes a condition where the uptake of oxygen and unloading of carbon dioxide is

Pulmonary edema describes a condition where the uptake of oxygen and unloading of carbon dioxide is

Pulmonary edema describes a condition where the uptake of oxygen and unloading of carbon dioxide is reduced as a consequence of a(n)
A) decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveolus.
B) thickening of the diffusion barrier by fl

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The autonomic nervous system innervates all the following effector organs and tissues EXCEPT

The autonomic nervous system innervates all the following effector organs and tissues EXCEPT

The autonomic nervous system innervates all the following effector organs and tissues EXCEPT
A) cardiac muscles.
B) adipose tissues.
C) exocrine glands.
D) skeletal muscles.
E) endocrine glands.

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Bending of stereocilia of a hair cell toward the kinocilium causes (depolarization / hyperpolarizati

Bending of stereocilia of a hair cell toward the kinocilium causes (depolarization / hyperpolarizati

Bending of stereocilia of a hair cell toward the kinocilium causes (depolarization / hyperpolarization) of the hair cell.

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The mixing of atmospheric air within the dead space of the conducting zone of the lung upon inspirat

The mixing of atmospheric air within the dead space of the conducting zone of the lung upon inspirat

The mixing of atmospheric air within the dead space of the conducting zone of the lung upon inspiration results in a partial pressure of
A) nitrogen in the alveoli that is higher than atmospheric.
B) carbon dioxide in the alveoli that is l

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Gangrene is often caused by anaerobic bacteria deep in tissues that lack adequate blood flow and ade

Gangrene is often caused by anaerobic bacteria deep in tissues that lack adequate blood flow and ade

Gangrene is often caused by anaerobic bacteria deep in tissues that lack adequate blood flow and adequate oxygen supply. Many times, gangrene can be treated by putting the patient into a hyperbaric chamber. Which statement best describes why this typ

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The fluid inside the semicircular canals is (endolymph / perilymph).

The fluid inside the semicircular canals is (endolymph / perilymph).

The fluid inside the semicircular canals is (endolymph / perilymph).

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Which statement best describes the cause of decompression sickness?

Which statement best describes the cause of decompression sickness?

Which statement best describes the cause of decompression sickness?
A) Carbon dioxide is driven into the cardiovascular system and causes acidosis.
B) Oxygen molecules are so tightly compressed due to pressure exerted by the water column th

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Sensory information about (vision / sound) is relayed through the medial geniculate body of the thal

Sensory information about (vision / sound) is relayed through the medial geniculate body of the thal

Sensory information about (vision / sound) is relayed through the medial geniculate body of the thalamus.

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(Rods / Cones) have a greater degree of convergence with bipolar cells.

(Rods / Cones) have a greater degree of convergence with bipolar cells.

(Rods / Cones) have a greater degree of convergence with bipolar cells.

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Which statement best describes why O2 and CO2 can both be exchanged simultaneously at the alveoli an

Which statement best describes why O2 and CO2 can both be exchanged simultaneously at the alveoli an

Which statement best describes why O2 and CO2 can both be exchanged simultaneously at the alveoli and pulmonary capillaries?
A) Each gas acts independently and diffuses down its own partial pressure gradient.
B) Blood in both the alveoli an

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(Rods / Cones) are more sensitive to light.

(Rods / Cones) are more sensitive to light.

(Rods / Cones) are more sensitive to light.

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At equilibrium, which of the following statements is TRUE when helium and nitrogen are present in a

At equilibrium, which of the following statements is TRUE when helium and nitrogen are present in a

At equilibrium, which of the following statements is TRUE when helium and nitrogen are present in a gas at equal partial pressures over water?
A) The concentrations of helium and nitrogen in both the water and gas are equal.
B) The concentr

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Cones are most concentrated in the (fovea / optic disk).

Cones are most concentrated in the (fovea / optic disk).

Cones are most concentrated in the (fovea / optic disk).

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Which of the following can increase the concentration of a particular gas in a solution?

Which of the following can increase the concentration of a particular gas in a solution?

Which of the following can increase the concentration of a particular gas in a solution?
A) Decrease the concentration of other gases in the solution.
B) Increase the volume of the solution only.
C) Increase the volume of the gas only.

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The relationship between the concentration of a gas in solution and the partial pressure of that gas

The relationship between the concentration of a gas in solution and the partial pressure of that gas

The relationship between the concentration of a gas in solution and the partial pressure of that gas can be described by
A) Dalton's law.
B) Boyle's law.
C) Henry's law.
D) Poiseuille's law.
E) Fick'

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Activation of the sympathetic nervous system causes (contraction / relaxation) of the radial muscle,

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system causes (contraction / relaxation) of the radial muscle,

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system causes (contraction / relaxation) of the radial muscle, which causes pupillary dilation.

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At equilibrium, the gas molecules that dissolve in solution and those that remain in the gaseous pha

At equilibrium, the gas molecules that dissolve in solution and those that remain in the gaseous pha

At equilibrium, the gas molecules that dissolve in solution and those that remain in the gaseous phase are, by definition, at the same
A) concentration.
B) temperature.
C) partial pressure.
D) volume.
E) humidity.

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During near vision, the ciliary muscle contracts due to activation of the (sympathetic / parasympath

During near vision, the ciliary muscle contracts due to activation of the (sympathetic / parasympath

During near vision, the ciliary muscle contracts due to activation of the (sympathetic / parasympathetic) nervous system. As a result, the zonular fibers to go slack, which causes the refractive power of the lens to increase and the lens become round

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A (concave / convex) lens causes light waves to converge onto a focal point.

A (concave / convex) lens causes light waves to converge onto a focal point.

A (concave / convex) lens causes light waves to converge onto a focal point.

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As the air is saturated with water vapor (humidified) upon entry into the conducting pathway, there

As the air is saturated with water vapor (humidified) upon entry into the conducting pathway, there

As the air is saturated with water vapor (humidified) upon entry into the conducting pathway, there will be
A) no change in the partial pressure of the remaining gases.
B) a selective increase in the partial pressure of nitrogen.
C) a

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As humidity increases, the partial pressure of oxygen in air

As humidity increases, the partial pressure of oxygen in air

As humidity increases, the partial pressure of oxygen in air
A) increases as the total pressure of air remains the same.
B) increases as the total pressure of air increases.
C) decreases as the total pressure of air remains the same.

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The absence of pain, but not other somatosensations, is called (anesthesia / analgesia).

The absence of pain, but not other somatosensations, is called (anesthesia / analgesia).

The absence of pain, but not other somatosensations, is called (anesthesia / analgesia).

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(Nociceptors / Warm receptors) respond best to temperatures greater than 44°C.

(Nociceptors / Warm receptors) respond best to temperatures greater than 44°C.

(Nociceptors / Warm receptors) respond best to temperatures greater than 44°C.

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What is the partial pressure of oxygen in air at sea level?

What is the partial pressure of oxygen in air at sea level?

What is the partial pressure of oxygen in air at sea level?
A) 60 mm Hg
B) 600 mm Hg
C) 210 mm Hg
D) 400 mm Hg
E) 160 mm Hg

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What is the partial pressure of oxygen in a gas mixture that is 40% oxygen, 40% argon, and 20% heliu

What is the partial pressure of oxygen in a gas mixture that is 40% oxygen, 40% argon, and 20% heliu

What is the partial pressure of oxygen in a gas mixture that is 40% oxygen, 40% argon, and 20% helium, when the total pressure of the gas is 1000 mm Hg?
A) 333 mm Hg
B) 600 mm Hg
C) 400 mm Hg
D) 100 mm Hg
E) 200 mm Hg

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Thermoreceptors have relatively (large / small) receptive fields.

Thermoreceptors have relatively (large / small) receptive fields.

Thermoreceptors have relatively (large / small) receptive fields.

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What percentage of air is carbon dioxide?

What percentage of air is carbon dioxide?

What percentage of air is carbon dioxide?
A) 21%
B) 6%
C) 12%
D) < 1%
E) 79%

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In order to taste food, the chemicals must be dissolved in mucus.

In order to taste food, the chemicals must be dissolved in mucus.

In order to taste food, the chemicals must be dissolved in mucus.
A) True
B) False

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What percentage of air is oxygen?

What percentage of air is oxygen?

What percentage of air is oxygen?
A) < 1%
B) 21%
C) 6%
D) 12%
E) 79%

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A decrease in the amplitude of a receptor potential over time in the presence of a continued stimulu

A decrease in the amplitude of a receptor potential over time in the presence of a continued stimulu

A decrease in the amplitude of a receptor potential over time in the presence of a continued stimulus is called habituation.
A) True
B) False

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Although pain perception can vary between individuals, one person always perceives the identical pai

Although pain perception can vary between individuals, one person always perceives the identical pai

Although pain perception can vary between individuals, one person always perceives the identical painful stimulus as being the same.
A) True
B) False

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What is the most abundant gas in the air that we breathe?

What is the most abundant gas in the air that we breathe?

What is the most abundant gas in the air that we breathe?
A) hydrogen
B) carbon dioxide
C) water vapor
D) nitrogen
E) oxygen

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Receptive field sizes are approximately the same over all parts of the body for a specific modality.

Receptive field sizes are approximately the same over all parts of the body for a specific modality.

Receptive field sizes are approximately the same over all parts of the body for a specific modality.
A) True
B) False

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In a mixture of gases, the driving force for the movement of an individual gas within that mixture i

In a mixture of gases, the driving force for the movement of an individual gas within that mixture i

In a mixture of gases, the driving force for the movement of an individual gas within that mixture is ultimately the
A) partial pressure of that gas.
B) solubility of the gas.
C) fractional concentration of that gas.
D) total pre

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At sea level the air pressure which equals 1 atmosphere is

At sea level the air pressure which equals 1 atmosphere is

At sea level the air pressure which equals 1 atmosphere is
A) 600 mm Hg.
B) 760 mm Hg.
C) 500 mm Hg.
D) 100 mm Hg.
E) 150 mm Hg.

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Tonic receptors are best at detecting changes in the environment.

Tonic receptors are best at detecting changes in the environment.

Tonic receptors are best at detecting changes in the environment.
A) True
B) False

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Each taste receptor cell is specific to only one of the four primary tastes.

Each taste receptor cell is specific to only one of the four primary tastes.

Each taste receptor cell is specific to only one of the four primary tastes.
A) True
B) False

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