Anatomy and Physiology

Which of the following does NOT contribute to the rapid movement of gases into and out of the blood

Which of the following does NOT contribute to the rapid movement of gases into and out of the blood

Which of the following does NOT contribute to the rapid movement of gases into and out of the blood within the lungs?
A) thin membrane
B) rapid blood flow
C) large surface area
D) permeability of the membrane
E) concentration

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Taste receptor cells are located only on the tongue.

Taste receptor cells are located only on the tongue.

Taste receptor cells are located only on the tongue.
A) True
B) False

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Movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli and blood occurs by what process?

Movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli and blood occurs by what process?

Movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli and blood occurs by what process?
A) osmosis
B) facilitated diffusion
C) simple diffusion
D) primary active transport
E) secondary active transport

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The vestibular apparatus can only detect changes in the rate of head movement.

The vestibular apparatus can only detect changes in the rate of head movement.

The vestibular apparatus can only detect changes in the rate of head movement.
A) True
B) False

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Oxygenated blood is found in which of the following?

Oxygenated blood is found in which of the following?

Oxygenated blood is found in which of the following?
A) right atrium only
B) pulmonary artery only
C) pulmonary vein only
D) both the right atrium and pulmonary artery
E) both the right atrium and pulmonary vein

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Each semicircular canal can only detect rotation in one direction.

Each semicircular canal can only detect rotation in one direction.

Each semicircular canal can only detect rotation in one direction.
A) True
B) False

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At sea level, if oxygen is consumed by the body cells at a rate of 300 mL per minute, then how much

At sea level, if oxygen is consumed by the body cells at a rate of 300 mL per minute, then how much

At sea level, if oxygen is consumed by the body cells at a rate of 300 mL per minute, then how much oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood in the pulmonary capillaries?
A) 300 mL per minute
B) more than 300 mL per minute
C) le

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Auditory information is transmitted through the medial geniculate nucleus in the thalamus to the cor

Auditory information is transmitted through the medial geniculate nucleus in the thalamus to the cor

Auditory information is transmitted through the medial geniculate nucleus in the thalamus to the cortex.
A) True
B) False

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The respiratory quotient is calculated as the

The respiratory quotient is calculated as the

The respiratory quotient is calculated as the
A) ratio of the volume of oxygen consumed per volume of carbon dioxide produced.
B) product of the volume of carbon dioxide consumed and the volume of oxygen produced.
C) ratio of the volu

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The eighth cranial nerve carries information about hearing and equilibrium from the ear to the centr

The eighth cranial nerve carries information about hearing and equilibrium from the ear to the centr

The eighth cranial nerve carries information about hearing and equilibrium from the ear to the central nervous system.
A) True
B) False

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An increase in sympathetic nervous activity to the smooth muscle cells of the bronchioles will resul

An increase in sympathetic nervous activity to the smooth muscle cells of the bronchioles will resul

An increase in sympathetic nervous activity to the smooth muscle cells of the bronchioles will result in a (bronchoconstriction / bronchodilation).

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In a neural pathway, when an excitatory synapse follows an inhibitory synapse, this is called disinh

In a neural pathway, when an excitatory synapse follows an inhibitory synapse, this is called disinh

In a neural pathway, when an excitatory synapse follows an inhibitory synapse, this is called disinhibition.
A) True
B) False

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A decrease in the compliance of the lungs will cause the muscles of the lungs to work (harder / less

A decrease in the compliance of the lungs will cause the muscles of the lungs to work (harder / less

A decrease in the compliance of the lungs will cause the muscles of the lungs to work (harder / less) to expand the lungs to the same volume.

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Depth perception requires visual input from both eyes.

Depth perception requires visual input from both eyes.

Depth perception requires visual input from both eyes.
A) True
B) False

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Under normal conditions, expiration is a(n) (active / passive) process.

Under normal conditions, expiration is a(n) (active / passive) process.

Under normal conditions, expiration is a(n) (active / passive) process.

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Information from the right visual field is perceived in the left visual cortex.

Information from the right visual field is perceived in the left visual cortex.

Information from the right visual field is perceived in the left visual cortex.
A) True
B) False

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The muscles involved in resting inspiration include the diaphragm and the (external intercostals / i

The muscles involved in resting inspiration include the diaphragm and the (external intercostals / i

The muscles involved in resting inspiration include the diaphragm and the (external intercostals / internal intercostals), while forced inspiration adds the scalenes, (sternocleidomastoids / digastrics) and pectoralis minor.

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The photoreceptors responsible for resetting the light/dark cycle contains a photopigment called mel

The photoreceptors responsible for resetting the light/dark cycle contains a photopigment called mel

The photoreceptors responsible for resetting the light/dark cycle contains a photopigment called melanopsin.
A) True
B) False

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As the volume of the lungs increases, intra-alveolar pressure (increases / decreases).

As the volume of the lungs increases, intra-alveolar pressure (increases / decreases).

As the volume of the lungs increases, intra-alveolar pressure (increases / decreases).

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Extensive convergence of rods onto bipolar cells allows for greater sensitivity to light.

Extensive convergence of rods onto bipolar cells allows for greater sensitivity to light.

Extensive convergence of rods onto bipolar cells allows for greater sensitivity to light.
A) True
B) False

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(Ciliated cells / Goblet cells) are inhibited by smoking, which leads to the familiar "smoker's coug

(Ciliated cells / Goblet cells) are inhibited by smoking, which leads to the familiar "smoker's coug

(Ciliated cells / Goblet cells) are inhibited by smoking, which leads to the familiar "smoker's cough."

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Extensive convergence exists from the cones to the bipolar cells within the fovea.

Extensive convergence exists from the cones to the bipolar cells within the fovea.

Extensive convergence exists from the cones to the bipolar cells within the fovea.
A) True
B) False

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The cartilage around the trachea are arranged in (rings / C shapes), whereas that around the primary

The cartilage around the trachea are arranged in (rings / C shapes), whereas that around the primary

The cartilage around the trachea are arranged in (rings / C shapes), whereas that around the primary bronchi are arranged in (rings / C shapes).

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The concentration of cGMP in a photoreceptor is relatively high in the dark, thereby maintaining rod

The concentration of cGMP in a photoreceptor is relatively high in the dark, thereby maintaining rod

The concentration of cGMP in a photoreceptor is relatively high in the dark, thereby maintaining rods and cones in the depolarized state.
A) True
B) False

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The (epiglottis / glottis) is a flap of tissue that prevents food from entering the larynx.

The (epiglottis / glottis) is a flap of tissue that prevents food from entering the larynx.

The (epiglottis / glottis) is a flap of tissue that prevents food from entering the larynx.

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Along a large portion of the retina, light must pass through two layers of cells before reaching a p

Along a large portion of the retina, light must pass through two layers of cells before reaching a p

Along a large portion of the retina, light must pass through two layers of cells before reaching a photoreceptor.
A) True
B) False

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It is more efficient to increase alveolar ventilation by increasing tidal volume than by increasing

It is more efficient to increase alveolar ventilation by increasing tidal volume than by increasing

It is more efficient to increase alveolar ventilation by increasing tidal volume than by increasing respiration rate.
A) True
B) False

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Corrective lenses that are concave are used to correct myopia.

Corrective lenses that are concave are used to correct myopia.

Corrective lenses that are concave are used to correct myopia.
A) True
B) False

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Activation of the sympathetic nervous system causes bronchodilation.

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system causes bronchodilation.

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system causes bronchodilation.
A) True
B) False

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The wavelength of light that we perceive is that wavelength that has been absorbed by the object bei

The wavelength of light that we perceive is that wavelength that has been absorbed by the object bei

The wavelength of light that we perceive is that wavelength that has been absorbed by the object being observed.
A) True
B) False

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Obstructive pulmonary disorders are characterized by an interference with the expansion of the lungs

Obstructive pulmonary disorders are characterized by an interference with the expansion of the lungs

Obstructive pulmonary disorders are characterized by an interference with the expansion of the lungs.
A) True
B) False

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The point on the retina with greatest visual acuity is the optic disk.

The point on the retina with greatest visual acuity is the optic disk.

The point on the retina with greatest visual acuity is the optic disk.
A) True
B) False

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Residual volume can be measured because the lungs are able to collapse under experimental conditions

Residual volume can be measured because the lungs are able to collapse under experimental conditions

Residual volume can be measured because the lungs are able to collapse under experimental conditions.
A) True
B) False

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Capsaicin causes a burning sensation in the mouth because it binds to TRPV1 receptors.

Capsaicin causes a burning sensation in the mouth because it binds to TRPV1 receptors.

Capsaicin causes a burning sensation in the mouth because it binds to TRPV1 receptors.
A) True
B) False

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The decrease in transpulmonary pressure during expiration reduces the distending forces on the airwa

The decrease in transpulmonary pressure during expiration reduces the distending forces on the airwa

The decrease in transpulmonary pressure during expiration reduces the distending forces on the airways.
A) True
B) False

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Cytokines released during illness can cause a person to be more sensitive to pain.

Cytokines released during illness can cause a person to be more sensitive to pain.

Cytokines released during illness can cause a person to be more sensitive to pain.
A) True
B) False

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The lung is expanded during inspiration by the transpulmonary pressure that pulls on the lung as the

The lung is expanded during inspiration by the transpulmonary pressure that pulls on the lung as the

The lung is expanded during inspiration by the transpulmonary pressure that pulls on the lung as the chest wall expands.
A) True
B) False

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Modulation of sensory information as it is transmitted from receptors to the cerebral cortex can onl

Modulation of sensory information as it is transmitted from receptors to the cerebral cortex can onl

Modulation of sensory information as it is transmitted from receptors to the cerebral cortex can only occur at synapses.
A) True
B) False

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Transpulmonary pressure is the difference between intra-alveolar pressure and intrapleural pressure.

Transpulmonary pressure is the difference between intra-alveolar pressure and intrapleural pressure.

Transpulmonary pressure is the difference between intra-alveolar pressure and intrapleural pressure.
A) True
B) False

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Transcutaneous nerve stimulation describes a technique whereby current applied to the skin stimulate

Transcutaneous nerve stimulation describes a technique whereby current applied to the skin stimulate

Transcutaneous nerve stimulation describes a technique whereby current applied to the skin stimulates large diameter afferent axons (Aβ fiber) to inhibit the transmission of a painful stimulus from the C fiber to a second-order neuron.
A) True

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