Which is the best example of creating associations to help you learn new material?

Which is the best example of creating associations to help you learn new material?
 
  a. When you are walking in the woods, create visual images to remember where paths cross.
  b. Group the information into memorable categories, such as words that start with the same letter.
  c. Practice the information by reading it aloud or writing it down.
  d. Make up a silly sentence that contains the first letters of the words you need to memorize.
  e. Link the information to something you already know, such as remembering the number three by connecting it with a tricycle.