Which of the following statements best explains the differences in life expectancy between developed and less developed nations?
a. More war occurs in developed nations.
b. People in more developed nations are more likely to survive childhood diseases and parasites.
c. Modern medicine isn't used at all in less developed nations.
d. There are more famines in developed nations.
When one compares life expectancy and related indicators between developed and less developed countries, one finds that the less developed countries have __________.
a. a longer life expectancy
b. higher rates of infant mortality
c. lower rates of mortality for children aged 14 years
d. a longer life expectancy for men, but not for women
Carmen believes that government has a responsibility to address social problems, achieve equal opportunity, and to protect civil liberties and human rights.
She is cautious of the dominance of the market and believes that it can be unfair and exploitive to certain groups in society. Carmen is likely __________. a. a Republican
b. a moderate
c. a conservative
d. a liberal
As a type of social policy, __________ is/are usually advocated today by those who are liberal on the political spectrum.
a. programs that involve public or governmental actions to address social problems
b. public subsidies for large corporations
c. encouraging free-market forces to create jobs
d. enhancing opportunities for private profit
As a type of social policy, __________ is/are usually advocated today by those who are conservative on the political spectrum.
a. expanded public assistance programs
b. increased governmental regulation, intervention, and involvement
c. reduced government regulation so that private free-market forces will solve problems
d. social programs like in the 1960s
Corrine is a college student on a study abroad program in Austria. Unfortunately she fell when hiking and broke her arm. She was surprised that the hospital fixed her arm for such a low fee. This got her comparing and contrasting the U.S.
health system with that of Austria's. Corrine is using __________. a. a structural functionalist perspective
b. a comparative perspective
c. an empirical approach
d. a constructionist approach
Several sociologists have been studying why poor men and women often do not marry before having a child.
They are looking beyond individual preferences and are exploring issues such as unemployment rates, sex ratios, and other patterns of social organization. What theme does this represent from the text? a. linking personal experience with social structure
b. using a comparative perspective
c. emphasizing a qualitative approach
d. individuals are responsible for their own achievements
Understanding social inequality is important because people usually live out their lives in generally the same social class in which they were born. Why is this the case?
a. The United States is no longer stratified.
b. The wealthy have been able to eliminate their social capital while lower-income people still have theirs.
c. Low-income people learn to be lazy, and high-income people learn to work hard.
d. Parents pass on their wealth and social capital (or their lack of it) to their children.
Marco is interested in learning more about the amount of time men spend on leisure as compared to women.
He put together a survey that asks men and women to record (in minutes) the amount of time they spend on leisure activities from a checklist of activities on the survey. He is going to tabulate this information. What type of methods is Marco likely using? a. quantitative
b. analytical
c. empirical
d. qualitative
The text describes four goals of empirical research. Which is NOT one of them?
a. distinguish between right and wrong
b. examine the factors that predict or are associated with some phenomena
c. explain cause and effect relationships
d. describe some phenomena
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