With eccentric muscle contractions,
a. the development of tension occurs at constant muscle length.
b. the muscle lengthens while contracting.
c. the muscle shortens while contracting.
d. muscle length and tension vary throughout a range of motion.
e. none of these answers.
(
Question 2) The gastroesophageal sphincter is normally closed to prevent
a. air from entering the esophagus during.
b. gastric contents from refluxing into the esophagus.
c. vomiting.
d. esophageal leaking into the stomach.
e. food from entering the pharynx.
(
Question 3) Which of the following is a characteristic of isometric muscle contractions?
a. they occur at constant tension.
b. the muscle shortens.
c. they are used for body movements.
d. they occur at constant length.
e. the external muscle tension is greater than the load.
(
Question 4) What prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
a. elevation of the uvula
b. contraction of the pharyngeal muscles
c. positioning of the tongue
d. tight apposition of the vocal cords over the glottis
e. elevation of the epiglottis over the pharyngoesophageal sphincter
(
Question 5) During an isotonic contraction of a muscle in the arm
a. filaments do not shorten in the muscle.
b. movement does not occur.
c. the muscle does not change length.
d. the tension in the muscle does not overcome a load.
e. the tension in the muscle remains constant.
(
Question 6) What prevents food from entering the nasal passages during swallowing?
a. elevation of the uvula
b. contraction of the pharyngeal muscles
c. positioning of the tongue
d. tight apposition of the vocal cords over the glottis
e. elevation of the epiglottis over the nasopharynx
(
Question 7) The insertion of a muscle
a. is only associated with smooth muscle
b. contains muscle spindles
c. is the movable end of attachment.
d. source of development in the fetus.
e. serves the same function as the origin
(
Question 8) As food moves into the esophagus from the mouth:
a. peristaltic contractions move food toward the stomach
b. gravity assists peristaltic contractions to move food toward the stomach
c. smooth muscle contractions end
d. digestive enzymes are secreted by the lining of the esophagus
e. the gastroesophageal sphincter remains closed
(
Question 9) The origin of a muscle is its
a. main, thick part of this structure.
b. middle, thin part of this structure.
c. movable end of attachment.
d. source of development in the fetus.
e. stationary end of attachment.
(
Question 10) During the oropharyngeal phase of swallowing, food is prevented from
a. reentering the mouth by elevation of the uvula, which lodges against the back of the throat.
b. entering the nasal passages by closure of the nasopharyngeal sphincter.
c. entering the trachea primarily by the epiglottis blocking the opening between the vocal cords.
d. more than one of these answers.
e. none of these answers.
Quick Reply
