Which type of effect occurs when demand characteristics actually affect the dependent variable?
a. demand effect
b. placebo effect
c. bias effect
d. spurious effect
Question 2Public relations messages are only directed toward external audiences.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Question 3When segmenting the consumer market, marketers consider the cohort effect which refers to:
a. why members of the same psychographic group decide to vote the same way.
b. how Generation X uses its financial power to influence product trends.
c. the predictability of demographic characteristics in analyzing purchase habits, product usage rates, and brand preference.
d. the tendency of members of a generation to be influenced and bound together by events occurring during the key formative years when they were 17 to 22 years of age.
Question 4Experiments in which an individual subject is exposed to more than one level of an experimental treatment are referred to as:
a. cross-over experiments.
b. redundant measures.
c. constancy of conditions.
d. repeated measures.
Question 5A major objective of proactive public relations is to counteract negative publicity.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Question 6The statistical area defined to include two or more primary metropolitan statistical areas (PMSA) is known as a:
a. consolidated metropolitan statistical area (CMSA).
b. consolidated regional locale (CRL).
c. consolidated metropolitan district (CMD).
d. metropolitan statistical area (MSA).
Question 7Subjects or entities whose responses to the experimental treatment are measured or observed are called:
a. responders.
b. test units.
c. subjective units.
d. objective units.
Question 8As people become better connected and better informed via the Internet and other technologies, there is less need for public relations.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
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