Part of the APA guidelines suggest that after data are collected:

Part of the APA guidelines suggest that after data are collected:
 
  a. all participants should be informed about the nature of the study.
  b. participants need to be informed about the study only if deception was involved.
  c. it is best not to talk to participants.
  d. there is no longer any need to worry about harm to the participants.

Question 2

Under the strictest definition of informed consent:
 
  a. deception is all right as long as studies are followed by thorough debriefings.
  b. all research involving deception is unethical.
  c. it would be impossible to perform placebo studies.
  d. slight risks to participants need not be disclosed.

Question 3

In Milgram's obedience-to-authority research, ethical principles were violated even though subjects were not physically harmed. This is because:
 
  a. shocks could have been issued by accident.
  b. subjects were forced to participate.
  c. psychological harm may have resulted.
  d. none of these