A dermatologist is explaining to a client the advantages of using a lotion that can draw out water ...

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Humectants are the additives in lotions, such as -hydroxy acids and urea, that draw out water from the deeper skin layers and hold it on the skin surface. Emollients are fatty acidcontaining lotions that replenish the oils on the skin surface but usually do not leave a residue on the skin. They have a short duration of action and need to be applied frequently. Urea is a nitrogenous substance that has been quite effective in reducing xerosis when combined with lotions. It is a humectant at lower concentrations (10), but in higher concentrations (2030), it is mildly keratolytic. Occlusives are thick creams that contain petroleum or some other moisture-proof material. They prevent water loss from the skin.

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